Elnur Hasanov is an Azerbaijani opposition activist affiliated with the Popular Front Party (AXCP/PFPA), known for his outspoken criticism of police misconduct, particularly targeting the State Traffic Police and unlawful fines. Prior to his arrest, he had already faced administrative detentions linked to protest activity and public criticism.

He was detained on 28 November 2023 by plain-clothes officers after months of online criticism of police leadership. He was initially charged with large-scale drug trafficking, a serious accusation commonly used in politically sensitive cases. However, the trial court later dropped the intent-to-sell element and reclassified the charge to simple possession, indicating the weakness of the original accusation.

Throughout the proceedings, Mr. Hasanov denied possessing drugs and stated that narcotics had been planted on him after his detention. He also alleged that he was beaten, threatened, and forced to repeat the police version on camera. Despite these claims, the courts relied almost entirely on police-generated evidence and dismissed his allegations without meaningful independent investigation.

The evidentiary basis of the case was limited to police reports, search protocols conducted at a police station, and forensic confirmation of the substance. No corroborating evidence, such as relevant phone data or independent witnesses, supported the accusation. The courts acknowledged the absence of evidence for trafficking but still upheld a conviction on the lesser charge.

His case reflects a broader pattern in Azerbaijan where opposition activists and critics are targeted with drug-related charges. Hasanov’s prosecution is widely regarded as retaliation for his activism and public criticism, demonstrating the use of criminal law to silence dissent.