Caspian Wire | Toplum TV journalists face 13–16 years | June 2026
328 political prisoners — new sentences, arrests, PACE resolution dismissed — Caspian Wire June 2026 Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights monitor June 2026 June 2026 in Azerbaijan saw new sentences, new arrests, new laws, and a PACE resolution dismissed as a “piece of paper.” The number of individuals held on politically motivated […] The post Caspian Wire | Toplum TV journalists face 13–16 years | June 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
328 political prisoners — new sentences, arrests, PACE resolution dismissed — Caspian Wire June 2026 Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights monitor June 2026 June 2026 in Azerbaijan saw new sentences, new arrests, new laws, and a PACE resolution dismissed as a “piece of paper.” The number of individuals held on politically motivated charges stands at 328. Journalists are writing letters from prison, a trade union member is being threatened by prison management, an opposition leader’s defence committee warns of plans against his life. At the same time, the EU signed new partnership documents with Baku and Western energy companies concluded $7.5 billion in contracts with SOCAR. 01 Trials, Sentences, and New Arrests Toplum TV: Prosecutors Demand 13–16 Years Prosecutors formally requested sentences of 13 to 16 years for journalists and media workers in the Toplum TV case. The charges, fabricated financial offences including currency smuggling, are politically motivated and bear no credible relationship to the defendants’ journalistic work. In court on 22 June, Akif Qurbanov, a Democratic Initiatives Institute staff member held in the same case, addressed the judge: “It’s as if, despite Ilham Aliyev’s order, you are going to conduct a fair trial.” Farid Ismayilov, one of the Toplum TV journalists, told the court: “I held out a microphone, not a weapon, to Hikmet Hajiyev.” Ramil Babayev wrote to the Minister of Justice to report that Javid Gulaliyev, deputy chief of the Baku pre-trial detention center, subjects detainees to torture in custody, and that “nobody can stop him.” Rufat Safarov Sentenced to 8 Years On 12 June, Rufat Safarov, executive director of the “Defence Line” human rights organisation, was sentenced to 8 years in prison by Baku Court of Grave Crimes on fabricated charges of bodily harm, fraud, and hooliganism. A former state prosecutor who resigned publicly in 2015, Safarov had dedicated himself to human rights work. Human Rights Watch has called for his immediate and unconditional release. NGO Activist Sentenced to 8 Years and Afgan Sadigov Arrested Asaf Ahmadov, civil society activist in the “NGO case,” was sentenced to 8 years in prison on spurious financial charges. On 8–9 June, Afgan Sadigov, editor-in-chief of independent online outlet “Azel TV,” was taken to Azerbaijan’s General Prosecutor’s Office and remanded in pre-trial detention until 30 July. Sadigov had previously been detained in Georgia before transfer to Azerbaijani custody. Ali Karimli’s Detention Extended, Threats to His Life Reported On 10 June, Baku’s Sabail District Court extended the pre-trial detention of Ali Karimli (APFP chair) and party colleague Mammad Ibrahim by a further 5 months. This was the second extension since their arrest on 29 November 2025 on charges of “actions aimed at the forcible seizure of power” (Article 278.1). His defence committee stated publicly that “there are sinister plans against Ali Karimli’s life.” His telephone contact rights remain restricted; the APFP has reported that pressure on him in detention is continuing. New Arrests of APFP Activists; Religious Activist On 17 June, Anar Arkivan (APFP organising committee member) was sentenced to 30 days administrative detention by Narimanov District Court. On 19 June, religious activist Samid Huseynov was detained at home. Zamin Salayev, APFP Salyan district chair held at Penitentiary Facility No. 11, was placed in a punishment cell. 02 Conditions in Detention In May 2026, Ilgar Aliyev, affiliated with Abzas Media, died in custody. No independent investigation has been announced. At least three Meydan TV journalists are being denied urgently needed medical care — Shamshad Agha (gastric ulcer), Aynur Elgunash (needs physiotherapy post-surgery), and Ulviyya Guliyeva (requires weekly injections). Guliyeva has also reported being threatened with rape twice and physically assaulted by police officers in May 2025. These allegations have not been independently investigated. Nargiz Absalamova was denied a medical examination for four months at Lankaran Penitentiary despite sinusitis, shortness of breath, and severe headaches. Prison staff told her the matter awaited approval “from above.” Tofiq Yagublu is unable to bear weight on his knee; prison authorities refused to allow him a crutch despite medical advice. On 25 June, Aytaj Tapdig‘s family reported her telephone calls with friends had been cut off. Families of Alasgar Mammadli and other detainees report ongoing visit restrictions. Elvin Mustafayev, a trade union confederation member held at Penitentiary Facility No. 17, is reportedly being threatened by prison management. 03 Persecution Beyond Borders HRW: In Absentia Convictions Target Critics Abroad On 10 June, Human Rights Watch documented Azerbaijan’s systematic use of in absentia criminal convictions against critics abroad. Eight cases from July 2025–March 2026 show Azerbaijani nationals in Germany, France, Switzerland, the Netherlands, the UK, and the US sentenced to 6–16 years based on social media posts. Among those convicted are historian Altay Goyushov (France, 6 years) and analyst Arastun Oruclu (New York, 8 years). Trials used state-appointed lawyers with no client contact and forensic experts applying no internationally recognised standards. “The message Azerbaijan is sending is that leaving the country will not protect critics from retaliation. European governments must not allow these verdicts to become instruments of transnational repression.” — Giorgi Gogia, HRW Deputy Director for Europe and Central Asia, June 2026 Travel Ban on Opposition Leader On 23 June, a travel ban was imposed on Arif Hajili, chairman of Musavat Party’s parliamentary group and former party leader, preventing him from leaving the country. Berlin Hunger Strike On 16 June, Azerbaijani diaspora activists held a hunger strike in Berlin in solidarity with the political prisoners in Azerbaijan. 04 PACE Resolution and International Accountability On 24 June, PACE adopted the resolution “Silencing Critical Voices in Azerbaijan,” calling for the release of all political prisoners and an end to prosecutions of journalists, defenders, and opposition figures. The resolution raises specific concern about the treatment of female journalists in detention. Azerbaijan’s PACE delegation has been absent since January 2024. The country remains bound by the European Convention on Human Rights with hundreds of unimplemented ECtHR judgments outstanding. In June, the ECtHR issued rulings against Azerbaijan for imposing travel bans on family members of political prisoners, for violations of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly, and for the killing of an Armenian serviceman in violation of the right to life. Official Baku’s Response Azerbaijani officials dismissed the PACE resolution as a “piece of paper.” The Foreign Ministry summoned no ambassador and issued no substantive engagement with the resolution’s findings, while formally protesting to a Council of Europe official over statements on Azerbaijan’s human rights record. 05 Energy Deals and Russia $7.5 Billion in Western Energy Contracts From 1–3 June, Baku hosted the first Azerbaijan-US Economic Dialogue alongside the 31st Baku Energy Week. Contracts worth $7.5 billion were signed with TotalEnergies, Chevron, JP Morgan, Apollo Global Management, and Comstock Resources, including a 15-year deal for 50% of Absheron gas output. EU imports of Azerbaijani gas have risen over 40% since 2021. On 2–3 June, the EU and Azerbaijan provisionally concluded Partnership Priorities and resumed Comprehensive Bilateral Agreement negotiations. Shadow Fleet: 31 Azerbaijan-Registered Firms Managing Sanctioned Tankers On 3 June, OCCRP, iFact, GMC, Monitori, and Meydan TV revealed that at least 31 companies registered in Azerbaijan were providing safety management for Russia’s sanctioned “shadow fleet” — EU and UK-blacklisted tankers transporting Russian crude. “In the shadow fleet, that lack of transparency is often a purposefully built-in feature and way of reducing risk of being sanctioned,” said Isaac Levi, head of Europe-Russia policy at the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air, to OCCRP. 06 New Laws, New Controls Legislation to Allow Forced Psychiatric Examinations On 25 June, Azerbaijan’s parliament has moved to grant prosecutors and police officers the authority to refer citizens for compulsory psychiatric examination without their consent or their families. The UN Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness establish that such procedures may only be applied in limited, clearly defined circumstances with independent oversight. Granting this authority to law creates a mechanism readily susceptible to abuse, with a well-documented history of misuse in the post-Soviet space. New Media and Broadcasting Council In June, Azerbaijan established the Media and Broadcasting Council. Press freedom organisations warn it will function as an additional licensing and censorship mechanism. Azerbaijan has no remaining independent national media outlets operating inside the country. With journalists from Meydan TV, Abzas Media, Toplum TV and other outlets under criminal prosecution, the new council extends formal state control over media governance precisely when independent journalism has been eliminated through prosecution. Petition Call for a Fair and Transparent Review in the Case of Ardeshir Seyfpour Saad Abadi A second-year ADA University student detained in connection with alleged drawings on the wall of Nizami Cinema. He denies involvement. He faces 4–8 years in prison and is currently unable to continue his studies. Sign the Petition The post Caspian Wire | Toplum TV journalists face 13–16 years | June 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Caspian Wire | Prisoners went on hunger strike | May 2026
Nurlan Libre beaten in custody, Tofiq Yaqublu hospitalised, 328 political prisoners named, WUF13 meets silent protest — Caspian Wire, May 2026 ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights monitor May 2026 This bulletin documents May 2026 in Azerbaijan: a journalist beaten in pre-trial detention, a politician hospitalised and unable to walk, and the […] The post Caspian Wire | Prisoners went on hunger strike | May 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Nurlan Libre beaten in custody, Tofiq Yaqublu hospitalised, 328 political prisoners named, WUF13 meets silent protest — Caspian Wire, May 2026 ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights monitor May 2026 This bulletin documents May 2026 in Azerbaijan: a journalist beaten in pre-trial detention, a politician hospitalised and unable to walk, and the UN World Urban Forum held in Baku as hunger strikes began inside its prisons. 01 Journalists on Trial World Press Freedom Day On 3 May, World Press Freedom Day, RSF documented a 70-place fall in Azerbaijan’s press freedom ranking over 23 years, from 101st in 2002 to 171st in 2026. Detained journalist Fatima Movlamli marked the day with a reflection written from Baku Pre-Trial Detention Center, 14 months into her imprisonment, titled “Freedom of the press: absent today, present tomorrow?”, a personal meditation on the journalism she could no longer practise. At the 1 May hearing, five detained Meydan TV journalists, Aysel Umudova, Khayala Aghayeva, Aytaj Tapdiq, Ulviyya Ali, and Fatima Movlamli staged a protest. They stood on their chairs and chanted slogans, including “Meydanda da yan-yana, zindanda da yan-yana” (“Together in the square, together in the prison”). Ulviyya Ali delivered a speech marking International Labour Day and commemorating activist Bayram Mammadov, who was found dead in Istanbul in 2021. At the 22 May hearing, Khayala Aghayeva gave a statement naming President Aliyev directly. Judges turned off her microphone. She continued aloud, and the judges left the room. Fatima Movlamli later wrote about the hearing from detention. Sevinj Vagifgizi, sentenced to nine years, was named to a global list of the 10 most important journalists to follow in 2026. Nurlan Libre Beaten in Custody On 2 May, Nurlan Libre (Gahramanli) was attacked by prison guard Ismat Aliyev at Baku Pre-Trial Detention Center. According to his family, the guard first provoked him, then slammed his arms in the door window of a cell hatch, handcuffed him, and twisted his arms upward. Due to a ban on phone contact, his wife Asli Alizadeh did not learn what had happened until 12 May. “Due to a ban on phone contact, I did not find out my husband had been beaten until ten days after it happened.” — Asli Alizadeh, wife of Nurlan Libre, May 2026 Toplum TV Case On 4 May, the Toplum TV trial continued at Baku Court of Grave Crimes. Defendant Ramil Babayev had been on a hunger strike for five days, and reported vomiting blood twice. He was brought to court by force. A separate report on 28 May documented threats made against Babayev inside the detention facility. His lawyer demanded urgent medical attention. Aytaj Tapdiq’s Family Targeted On 28 May, the European Centre for Press and Media Freedom (ECPMF) issued a statement on detained Meydan TV journalist Aytaj Tapdiq (Ahmadova), calling for her immediate release. Earlier, on 12 May, it emerged that Tapdiq’s mother Dilruba Amanova had been banned from leaving Azerbaijan. This is another method of punishing the families of detained journalists and activists. Last month, Samira Gasimli, wife of imprisoned political analyst Azer Gasimli, director of the Political Management Institute, was prevented from boarding a flight to Europe at Heydar Aliyev International Airport. On 7 May, Voice of America’s president issued a statement marking the first anniversary of the detention of journalist Ulviyya Ali (Guliyeva), still held at Baku Pre-Trial Detention Center. AbzasMedia journalist Nargiz Absalamova had not received a medical examination in four months as of 27 May, according to her family. 02 Medical Neglect and Violence Behind Bars Tofig Yaqublu Cannot Walk, Hospitalised On 4 May, Tofig Yaqublu (Musavat Party, National Council) lost his ability to walk independently due to severe swelling in his legs. He was using crutches and had been held in quarantine at Penitentiary No. 17 for over 15 days. His daughter Nigar Hazi reported the deterioration to FVC. On 6 May, Yaqublu was hospitalised in critical condition. Repeated requests for specialist care had gone unanswered, and doctors had raised the possibility of Hepatitis C, though the family had not been given the blood test results. Ilgar Aliyev’s Death in PrisoN On 20 May, Abzas Media reported the final audio recording of Ilgar Aliyev, an ICT expert who died in Penitentiary No. 13 at the start of May. In the recording, made before his death, he said: “They fabricated the charges and imprisoned me.” Index on Censorship called for an international investigation into the circumstances of his death. Nazim Beydamirli Denied Food and Medicine From 15 May, former MP Nazim Beydamirli was denied food and medicine and placed in a punishment cell after being made to stand in the sun. According to his wife: “They are trying to kill him.” On 19 May, he was transferred from Penitentiary No. 13 to Penitentiary No. 6 without explanation. His family was not notified in advance. Religious Prisoners Face Violence On 1 May, it was reported that a prison guard at Penitentiary No. 17 had deliberately slammed the head of religious prisoner Rovshan Jabbarov in an iron door. On 30 April, religious prisoner Ismail Mammadov began a hunger strike after visits and calls with his family were blocked. On 13 May, Agaali Yahyayev (Muslim Unity Movement) remained without medical care; his sister wrote: “My brother is being left to die before our eyes.” Elvin Mustafayev Tortured in Pre-Trial Detention Elvin Mustafayev, a member of the Workers’ Desk Trade Union Confederation currently held at Penitentiary No. 17, reported on 20 May that he had been beaten by ten individuals: “Ten people fell on me. They beat me.” The same day, it was reported that AbzasMedia director Ulvi Hasanli’s wife had discovered unknown persons had entered their home while she was absent. 03 New Sentences, New Lists On 14 May, the Azerbaijan Political Prisoners Liberation Alliance published its updated list of political prisoners: 328 names, including 15 women. The largest group — 182 people — are religious prisoners, followed by 44 members of opposition parties and civil society, 31 journalists and bloggers, and 8 human rights defenders. A Council of Europe report found that Azerbaijan ranks second in Europe for prison overcrowding, with facilities at critical capacity. On 22 May, former party leader Anar Asadli was sentenced to 4.5 years by Baku Court of Grave Crimes. On 21 May, Muslim Unity Movement member Elgiz Mammadov received 3 years. On 6 May, Haji Valiyev, chairman of the Young Veterans civic union, received 2 years and 6 months. On 21 May, the Supreme Court upheld the 15-year sentence against academic and peace activist Bahruz Samadov, rejecting his cassation appeal in full. On 14 May, the Baku Court of Appeal upheld the 6-year sentence of journalist and civic activist Ahmad Mammadli. At the hearing, Mammadli told the court: “I request you sentence me to death.” “I request you sentence me to death.” — Ahmad Mammadli, journalist and civic activist, Baku Court of Appeal, May 2026 A report released on 18 May by the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) documented systematic persecution of independent lawyers in Azerbaijan: executive interference in the Bar Association, selective disciplinary sanctions, and disbarment of defence counsel representing political detainees. 04 WUF13 Forum in a City of Prisoners The 13th World Urban Forum (WUF13) opened in Baku on 17 May, bringing representatives of over 180 countries to the Baku Olympic Stadium. Rain disrupted the opening ceremony. The Azerbaijani government presented the forum as a sign of international standing. On the same day, prisoners responded. From Penitentiary No. 2, economist Fazil Gasimov (AbzasMedia case) and Hafiz Babali announced the start of a hunger strike timed to coincide with the forum’s opening. Academic and peace activist Bahruz Samadov published a message inviting WUF13 guests to attend his Supreme Court hearing on 21 May. He wrote that every day in a high security prison was causing lasting damage to his health and eyesight. On 5 May, the Political Prisoners’ Defence Committee wrote to UN Secretary-General António Guterres, appealing for international intervention ahead of WUF13. 05 International Pressure US Senate Resolution Names Detained Journalists On 3 May, the US Senate passed a resolution on World Press Freedom Day that specifically named journalists detained in Azerbaijan, including Sevinj Vagifgizi and Farid Mehralizada. The resolution called for their immediate release. European Parliament Holds Azerbaijan Hearings On 7 May, the European Parliament’s Human Rights Subcommittee held dedicated hearings on Azerbaijan. Witnesses included Leyla Mustafayeva of Free Voices Collective, and lawyer Samed Rahimli. Mustafayeva named four detained journalists, Aytaj Tapdiq, Khayala Aghayeva, Aysel Umudova, and Ulviyya Ali, as facing sexual harassment in detention. She told MEPs that approximately 400 political prisoners were being held. MEPs signed a statement on the National Assembly’s decision to suspend EP ties, calling it “unjustified.” EU High Representative Kaja Kallas, visiting Baku on 5 May, described Azerbaijan as a “valuable energy partner” and stated that human rights were “an inseparable part of EU-Azerbaijan relations.” Tartar Case Returns to ECHR On 19 May, the European Court of Human Rights resumed consideration of the “Tartar case” — one of Azerbaijan’s most documented episodes of mass torture, in which hundreds of military personnel were subjected to systematic abuse in 2017. Since the start of the US-Israel war against Iran, over 220 Shia believers have been detained in Azerbaijan, according to a report published on 15 May. 06 Persecution Without Borders Afgan Sadigov Travel Banned On 26 May, journalist Afgan Sadigov, who was deported from Georgia to Azerbaijan, reported that an exit ban had immediately been placed on him. Sadigov is among a growing number of Azerbaijani media figures who have faced detention or pressure after returning from or being forcibly brought back from abroad. Trial Opens for Assassination Attempt on Azerbaijani Blogger in France On 26 May, a French court opened proceedings into a 2021 assassination attempt against Azerbaijani blogger Mahammad Mirzali, who has lived in exile in France. The case is among the most prominent alleged state-linked violence against Azerbaijani dissidents abroad. Background Azerbaijan’s National Assembly voted on 1 May to suspend all cooperation with the European Parliament, a day before WUF13 was announced as proceeding in Baku. The EU Ambassador was summoned to the Foreign Ministry. The European Parliament called the move “contrary to the spirit of dialogue.” The post Caspian Wire | Prisoners went on hunger strike | May 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Caspian Wire | The crackdown on dissent continues | April 2026
CPT returns to Baku, ECtHR fines Azerbaijan, TrialWatch grades Yagublu trial “D” — Caspian Wire, April 2026 ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights related news APRIL 2026 This bulletin tracks April’s sharp uptick in international engagement on Azerbaijan. The Council of Europe’s anti-torture committee resumed talks in Baku, the European Court of […] The post Caspian Wire | The crackdown on dissent continues | April 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
<!-- [if mso]> <xml><o:OfficeDocumentSettings><o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch></o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml> <![endif]--> CPT returns to Baku, ECtHR fines Azerbaijan, TrialWatch grades Yagublu trial “D” — Caspian Wire, April 2026 ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights related news APRIL 2026 This bulletin tracks April’s sharp uptick in international engagement on Azerbaijan. The Council of Europe’s anti-torture committee resumed talks in Baku, the European Court of Human Rights opened or decided several cases against the government, UN Special Rapporteurs sent fresh inquiries, and the Clooney Foundation for Justice graded the Tofig Yagublu trial a “D.” Domestically, the wives of political prisoners are now being prosecuted, journalists’ cassation appeals were rejected by the Supreme Court, and detention conditions continue to deteriorate. 01 Samira Gasimli — Travel Ban and Targeted Prosecution Travel Ban at Baku Airport In mid-April, Samira Gasimli, wife of imprisoned political analyst Azer Gasimli, director of the Political Management Institute, was prevented from boarding a flight to Europe at Heydar Aliyev International Airport. Border officials told her the Ministry of Internal Affairs had imposed a travel ban. She had been planning to address international platforms on Azerbaijan’s political prisoners, an activity she has pursued for the seventeen months since her husband’s December 2024 arrest. Two days earlier, the same private complainant who triggered her husband’s case, Gurbanali Yusibov, had filed a private prosecution against her at Binagadi District Court under Article 147 of the Criminal Code (defamation), over her social media posts about the case. The travel ban was imposed before that complaint had been formally accepted into proceedings, in apparent breach of domestic procedure. “The authorities want the wives of political prisoners not to advocate for them — to sit at home, cry, and wait for their husbands’ release.” — Samira Gasimli, after the Binagadi District Court hearing First Hearing — 24 April On 24 April, the first hearing in the private prosecution opened at Binagadi District Court before Judge Zamig Bagirov. Samira Gasimli orally requested transfer of the case to Yasamal District Court, on whose territory the alleged “offence” (her social-media posts from her home) occurred. The proceedings were adjourned without examination. The next hearing is scheduled for 1 May. Her husband Azer Gasimli was sentenced on 11 March 2026 to twelve years’ imprisonment by the Baku Court of Grave Crimes under Article 182.2.3 of the Criminal Code (extortion), in a case where the alleged victim was on record as owing the defendant money under a final court judgment. 02 Council of Europe, ECtHR & UN Step In CPT Delegation Returns to Baku On 2 April, a delegation of the Council of Europe’s Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT), led by President Alan Mitchell, held high-level meetings in Baku — the first since Azerbaijan’s authorities suspended cooperation with the Committee in July 2024 in what the CPT had termed a serious breach of the European Convention. Talks focused on implementation of the CPT’s long-standing recommendations on law enforcement, penitentiary and psychiatric facilities, and on the findings of the September–October 2025 periodic visit transmitted to the government in mid-March 2026. The delegation met Interior Minister Vilayat Eyvazov, Deputy Justice Minister Toghrul Huseynov and Deputy Health Minister Nadir Zeynalov. The delegation also included CPT member for Moldova Victor Zaharia, former CPT Vice-President Therese Rytter (who led the 2025 visit), and a head of unit from the CPT Secretariat. Azerbaijan’s voting rights in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) remain suspended since 2024 over its non-compliance with human rights obligations. PACE Rapporteur Demands Immediate Release of Anar Mammadli On the second anniversary of the detention of Anar Mammadli, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe’s General Rapporteur for political prisoners, Azadeh Rojhan (Sweden, SOC), issued a statement calling for his immediate release. Rojhan recalled that Mammadli — a prominent human rights defender, election monitor and 2014 Václav Havel Human Rights Prize laureate — faces multiple charges believed to be in retaliation for his civic participation, independent election monitoring and cooperation with international organisations. She noted that the European Court of Human Rights had previously found Mammadli’s earlier prosecution was aimed at silencing him as a civil society activist, and that the current case “follows similar patterns and raises serious questions about Azerbaijan’s compliance with its international obligations.” “Mr Mammadli’s detention must also be viewed within a broader context of increasing restrictions on civil society, independent media and human rights defenders in Azerbaijan. The use of criminal law in such circumstances risks further undermining the rule of law and the effective protection of fundamental freedoms. I call on the Azerbaijani authorities to immediately release Mr Mammadli and promptly review the charges against him, in line with Azerbaijan’s obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights.” — Azadeh Rojhan, PACE General Rapporteur for political prisoners 8 Organisations Invoke Article 52 ECHR for Afgan Sadigov Eight human rights organisations addressed an open appeal to Council of Europe Secretary General Alain Berset over the case of journalist Afgan Sadigov, deported by Georgia to Azerbaijan on the night of 5 April despite an interim measure issued by the European Court of Human Rights. The organisations called on the Secretary General to invoke Article 52 of the European Convention on Human Rights requesting an explanation from Georgia, to commission an independent review, to appoint a special representative for the South Caucasus, and to ensure Sadigov’s protection and family reunification. “This is not an isolated case. It is the latest episode of a decade of repression accompanied by the Council of Europe’s soft reactions, which embolden Azerbaijani authorities and lower the threshold of acceptable conduct for other states. The credibility of Europe’s human rights system is at stake.” — Joint appeal of 8 NGOs to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe European Court of Human Rights — Three April Decisions In April, the European Court of Human Rights issued a fine against Azerbaijan over the travel ban imposed on investigative journalist Khadija Ismayilova. The Court joined two of her applications, finding that domestic courts had refused to lift the ban, including for invitations to international conferences and for accompanying her mother to heart surgery in Turkey, without any individualised assessment, in violation of her freedom of movement, private and family life, and freedom of expression. The Strasbourg Court also communicated to the Azerbaijani government a joined application titled “Khadija Ismayilova and Others v. Azerbaijan”, raising the systematic use of exit bans against 15 journalists and civic activists, including currently detained Meydan TV journalists Ulviyya Ali (Guliyeva), Aynur Elgunash (Ganbarova), Aytaj Tapdig (Ahmadova), Natig Javadli, Abzas Media’s Sevinj Vagifgizi, activist Elgiz Gahraman, journalist Minakhanim Aliyarli and others. Most of the bans, the application notes, were imposed without notification. In a separate communication, the ECtHR also requested observations from the Azerbaijani government on the application of National Council Coordination Board member Gultakin Hajibayli, who alleges violations of Articles 6, 8, 10 and 18 of the Convention after her conversations with diplomats and an international NGO worker were secretly recorded and broadcast on state-aligned television in October 2019. UN Special Rapporteurs — Two Joint Inquiries United Nations Special Rapporteurs sent a joint inquiry to the government of Azerbaijan regarding Abzas Media journalists Sevinj Vagifgizi, Nargiz Absalamova and Elnara Gasimova, demanding explanation of their convictions, conditions of detention, including poorly ventilated cells with water leaks and no air conditioning at Baku Pre-Trial Detention Centre, and their transfer to a remote facility. The Rapporteurs noted that the matter had previously been raised in May 2024 and that earlier government responses had not addressed their concerns. They also recalled documented violence by prison staff against Nargiz Absalamova in March 2025. In a separate inquiry, Special Rapporteurs Reem Alsalem, Irene Khan and Margaret Satterthwaite demanded answers on the arrest and treatment of journalist Ulviyya Ali (Guliyeva), citing possible violations of Articles 7, 9, 10, 14 and 19 of the ICCPR and of CEDAW. 03 Tofig Yagublu — TrialWatch “D” Grade & Supreme Court Refusal Tofig Yagublu Clooney Foundation for Justice Trial Report In April, the Clooney Foundation for Justice’s TrialWatch initiative published its fairness report on the prosecution of opposition politician and journalist Tofig Yagublu. The report, prepared by Charline Yim, Marryum Kahloon and Carolyn Ye of Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP and assessed by Professor Darryl Brown of the University of Virginia School of Law, assigns the trial a grade of “D.” The report finds that the 2023–2025 prosecution, which followed 452 days of pretrial detention and culminated in a nine-year sentence, violated international fair-trial standards under Articles 6 and 18 of the European Convention on Human Rights and the ICCPR. Yagublu was held throughout proceedings in a glass cabin that prevented confidential consultation with counsel; notes he tried to pass to his lawyers were confiscated and read by guards. The court delivered the verdict five minutes after his closing statement, after a seven-and-a-half-month trial. “The fair trial violations in this case support the conclusion that Mr. Yagublu’s prosecution amounted to an abuse of judicial process reflecting an improper ulterior motive to hinder and deter his activities as a journalist and opposition leader.” — Prof. Darryl Brown, University of Virginia School of Law, CFJ TrialWatch report Supreme Court Keeps Yagublu in Detention On the same day, the Supreme Court rejected Yagublu’s appeal in his absence, as he was not brought to the courtroom. Presiding Judge Ilgar Gilijov dismissed the cassation. Yagublu’s daughter Nigar Hazi stated publicly that the judge had “executed the order from the Presidential Administration.” Tofig Yagublu was arrested in December 2023 on charges of fraud and document forgery, which he denies. 04 Journalists Behind Bars: Three Cases Advance AbzasMedia — Supreme Court Rejects Cassation The Supreme Court refused to release the Abzas Media journalists, upholding their lengthy prison sentences. The female defendants — Sevinj Vagifgizi, Nargiz Absalamova and Elnara Gasimova — were absent from the courtroom and represented by counsel. Lawyer Rasul Jafarov was unable to attend in person and submitted his motion in writing. Defendant Hafiz Babali told the court that, after 28 months in pretrial and post-conviction detention, he had been unable to draw his pension, his bank cards had been blocked, and that he was being denied funds needed for medical treatment. He requested acquittal and the prosecution of those who had ordered his initial detention. International press-freedom bodies condemned the ruling. RSF’s Press Officer at Germany Section Alena Stroj called it “arbitrary and unjust,” noting that at least 25 media workers are now imprisoned in Azerbaijan, 24 of them on currency-smuggling charges. The International Press Institute (IPI) called the ruling part of the regime’s long-term plan “to destroy press freedom and independent journalism.” The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), through Europe and Central Asia coordinator Gulnoza Said, demanded the immediate release of all detained journalists. “The authorities may think they have driven the final nail into the coffin of independent media. They are openly afraid of reporting on high-level corruption. Foreign governments must put press freedom and the release of jailed journalists at the centre of their dealings with Baku.” — Gulnoza Said, CPJ Europe & Central Asia Programme Coordinator Meydan TV — Libre Says Pre-Trial Detention Centre Confiscated His Files During an April hearing in the Meydan TV case, journalist Nurlan Libre (Gahramanli) shouted from the glass cabin that the director of the Baku Pre-Trial Detention Centre, Elnur Ismayilov, had confiscated his copy of the indictment, leaving him unable to prepare his defence. He was prevented from completing his statement and observers were ordered out of the courtroom. The hearing was adjourned to 1 May due to the absence of his lawyer Javad Javadov. The Meydan TV case opened in December 2024 with the arrests of Ramin Deko, Aynur Ganbarova (Elgun), Aysel Umudova, Aytac Ahmadova (Tapdig), Khayala Aghayeva, Natig Javadli and civil-society activist Ulvi Tahirov. Toplum TV — Witnesses Recant, Defence Motions Refused In the Toplum TV case, a witness called by the prosecution told the court he had signed the police protocol without reading it. At a subsequent hearing, the judge defended a witness whose testimony favoured the defendants and rejected all defence motions. Detained journalists Farid Ismayilov, Mushfiq Jabbarov, Alasgar Mammadli and Yoldash Media’s Ahmad Mammadli remain in pretrial custody. 05 Detention Conditions, Health & Ill-Treatment Amnesty International on Bahruz Samadov — Hunger Strike in Umbaki In April, Amnesty International issued an Urgent Action on academic Bahruz Samadov, who was transferred to Umbaki maximum-security prison in February. Amnesty reports he has been denied prescribed medication for over a month, allowed only two hours per day in a narrow balcony, denied access to television and radio, and held 70 km from his 83-year-old grandmother Zibeyda Osmanova. His appeal against the transfer was rejected; in protest, he began a hunger strike. He has attempted suicide twice while in custody. The Justice Ministry medical team visited him on 27 February but the medication has not been delivered. In a separate report, The State of the World’s Human Rights, Amnesty International stated that “repression in Azerbaijan is deepening,” documenting more than 300 individuals held on fabricated and politically motivated charges, the closure of BBC Azerbaijani Service and the TURAN news agency, and travel bans imposed without notice on at least 40 civic activists and journalists. Lankaran Penitentiary — Letter from Elnara Gasimova AbzasMedia journalist Elnara Gasimova published a detailed account from inside Lankaran Penitentiary Complex, describing food so foul that female inmates routinely cannot tolerate even its smell, take chicken from the prison stew to wash and re-boil, and prepare their own meals from scraps. She also documented denial of basic rights and arbitrary punishments. Health, Visits and Calls Denied Across the System On 15 April, journalist Polad Aslanov was transferred from Penal Colony No. 15 to Baku Pre-Trial Detention Centre ahead of a 17 April hearing in his torture complaint at Sabail District Court. Centre director Elnur Ismayilov initially authorised a family visit, then revoked permission; phone calls have also been restricted, with only two short conversations permitted in months despite the legal entitlement to two 15-minute calls per week. Detained believer Mansur Velishov, held in Umbaki, told his family by phone that visible wounds on his body are spreading and going untreated. “I told the head of the complex my body is rotting; he said it’s not up to me, the order is from above,” he said. Detained believer Elvin Nazarov, who has polyps requiring biannual ultrasound following torture in his first detention, has been refused both in-prison and external medical examination. Detained activist Malik Rzayev at Penal Colony No. 10 reports being held for 17 months in a 20-square-metre cell with 18 inmates, and denied bedding, hygiene products and family contact. The Penitentiary Service publicly denied allegations that Meydan TV journalists Aytaj Tapdig, Khayala Aghayeva and Aysel Umudova were subjected to violence by officers at Baku Pre-Trial Detention Centre. Detained economist Fazil Gasimov wrote to the Prosecutor General’s Office stating that a document purporting to be his waiver of counsel had been forged; on the basis of that document, investigator Yusif Yusifov had removed both his state-appointed and contract-based lawyers from the case. On 13 April, Workers Desk trade-union activist Aykhan Israfilov was assaulted at a police facility by deputy chief Kamran Shahsuvarov, who allegedly grabbed him by the neck, forced him to the ground and beat him until he lost consciousness for an hour. A presidential amnesty act was applied to 18,203 prisoners; according to the Union for Freedom of Political Prisoners of Azerbaijan, only 100 of them are recognised as political prisoners — 96 religious believers and four convicted in the “Imishli case.” Some recently released believers have already been re-arrested. 06 Repression Beyond Borders & Diplomatic Pressure Afgan Sadigov Deported from Georgia in Breach of ECtHR Rule 39 Overnight on 5 April, Georgia’s Ministry of Internal Affairs deported journalist Afgan Sadigov, fining him 2,000 GEL and banning him from re-entering Georgia for three years. He was handed over to Azerbaijani authorities at the Red Bridge crossing despite an interim measure of the European Court of Human Rights prohibiting his removal to Azerbaijan. After questioning at the Migration Service in Baku, he was released, the criminal case against him in Azerbaijan having been closed. But he warned that “those deported from abroad are usually arrested some time later, not immediately,” citing the precedents of Rashad Ramazanov and others. VP Vance Raised Mehralizade with Aliyev — RFE/RL Confirms In April, RFE/RL President Stephen Capus confirmed on X that the case of detained Azadliq Radiosu economist Farid Mehralizade was raised by US Vice President JD Vance in his 10 February meeting with President Aliyev in Baku. “Our colleague should not have been charged, let alone convicted,” Capus wrote, noting Mehralizade has been detained for nearly two years, missing the birth of his daughter and every day since. “The Azerbaijani leadership has the opportunity to humanely correct this injustice.” Official readouts of the Vance–Aliyev meeting, which produced the US–Azerbaijan Strategic Partnership Charter, did not mention human rights or political prisoners. US Scholars and Student Organisations Take Up Iqbal Abilov’s Case Several US-based academic and student organisations launched a campaign for the release of Iqbal Abilov, a Belarusian State University researcher of Talysh and other minority cultures sentenced on 20 May 2025 to 18 years on a treason charge he denies. Abilov was arrested while visiting a relative’s wedding in Azerbaijan and has been denied open contact with family and counsel for over 600 days. Petitioners say his real “offence” is his research and advocacy for ethnic minority rights, including Azerbaijan’s Talysh community. Abilov himself, in a statement to Meydan TV, called the regime’s state-television smear campaign against him “a desperate attempt by the State Security Service to convince itself that it had run a successful operation,” and disclosed that the lead investigator had offered him a reduced sentence (initially eight years, then three, then one) in exchange for a televised confession. Note The European Union added Azerbaijan’s Yelo Bank, chaired by Anar Hasanov, husband of MP Sevinj Fataliyeva, to its sanctions list over links to Russia’s SPFS/FMS financial messaging system. The measure takes effect 14 May 2026. The post Caspian Wire | The crackdown on dissent continues | April 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Georgia bypassed international law to deport Azerbaijani journalist Afgan Sadigov
The Afgan Sadigov deportation case unfolded on the night of April 4, 2026, when the Azerbaijani investigative journalist was detained in Tbilisi, Georgia, and deported to Azerbaijan within hours of a late-night court hearing. This event has triggered a severe legal and diplomatic crisis, raising allegations that Georgian authorities, in coordination with Baku, deliberately circumvented […] The post Georgia bypassed international law to deport Azerbaijani journalist Afgan Sadigov appeared first on Free voices.
The Afgan Sadigov deportation case unfolded on the night of April 4, 2026, when the Azerbaijani investigative journalist was detained in Tbilisi, Georgia, and deported to Azerbaijan within hours of a late-night court hearing. This event has triggered a severe legal and diplomatic crisis, raising allegations that Georgian authorities, in coordination with Baku, deliberately circumvented binding interim measures issued by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). While officially framed as an administrative deportation for “insulting a police officer,” legal experts and human rights organizations characterize the operation as a politically motivated “rendition” designed to silence a critic of the Azerbaijani regime and undermine Georgia’s international legal obligations. The case unfolded with unusual speed, suggesting a pre-orchestrated sequence of events. A. Sadigov, who had been under ECtHR interim measures since early 2025 barring his extradition to Azerbaijan, was released from pre-trial detention in April 2025 on bail with a travel ban. Later in October 2025, he was sentenced to 14 days of administrative detention by the Tbilisi City Court, and charged with blocking a roadway during a protest held in front of Parliament on October 18. However, a critical shift occurred in early April 2026. The Afgan Sadigov deportation as a pre-orchestrated sequence On April 1, the Azerbaijani government abruptly halted criminal proceedings against A. Sadigov, a move his lawyers suspect was a tactical maneuver to remove the formal basis for extradition, thereby allowing Georgia to bypass the ECHR’s specific prohibition on On April 2–3, following the halt of Azerbaijani proceedings, Georgian courts lifted A. Sadigov’s bail and travel restrictions. On April 4, A. Sadigov was detained at approximately 23:00 by plainclothes officers in Tbilisi. Within hours, a Tbilisi City Court judge ordered his deportation and a three-year entry ban based on an administrative charge of “insulting a police officer” via a social media post criticizing authoritarian policing. On April 5, A. Sadigov was physically deported across the border to Baku. It should be noted that the timing of the deportation has drawn intense scrutiny. The deportation occurred just one day before Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev’s scheduled official visit to Tbilisi. The central legal dispute hinges on the distinction between extradition and deportation. The ECtHR’s interim measure explicitly prohibited Georgia from deporting A. Sadigov to Azerbaijan pending the court’s review of his human rights claims. By reclassifying the transfer as an administrative deportation for a minor offense, Georgian authorities appear to have exploited a procedural loophole. Tamta Mikeladze, director of the Social Justice Center (SJC) representing A. Sadigov, described the event as a “catastrophe” and an unprecedented breach of the rule of law. The Georgian Young Lawyers’ Association (GYLA) echoed this, labeling the act a “serious and manipulative violation” of the European Convention on Human Rights. Upon arrival in Baku, A. Sadigov was questioned by the Migration Service and subsequently released to stay with relatives. However, his legal status remains precarious. His lawyers warn that the suspension of previous charges in Azerbaijan was likely a ruse to facilitate his return, with new, potentially more severe charges expected to be filed imminently. Given A. Sadigov’s history, which includes a prior seven-year prison sentence in Azerbaijan and a 161-day hunger strike in Georgian custody, human rights groups fear for his safety and the potential for renewed imprisonment. Free Voices Collective considers that Afgan Sadigov’s case constitutes a significant test for the integrity of the European human rights framework. It underscores the fragility of interim measures in situations where states may resort to administrative deportation as a means of circumventing judicial oversight. If left unaddressed, such practices risk establishing a troubling precedent, potentially encouraging other states to employ similar forms of “administrative rendition” to sidestep their international legal obligations, thereby undermining the effectiveness of the European Convention on Human Rights. The Free Voices Collective urges the international community to call upon relevant actors to closely monitor the situation of A. Sadigov and to seek accountability from both Tbilisi and Baku for actions that appear to erode the rule of law. The post Georgia bypassed international law to deport Azerbaijani journalist Afgan Sadigov appeared first on Free voices.
Caspian Wire: Heavy Prison Sentences Handed to Civil Society Activists | March 2026
Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights related news MARCH 2026 March 2026 was defined by two parallel crises: an accelerating crackdown inside Azerbaijan, with heavy sentences against journalists, activists, and opposition figures, and an external shock when Iranian drones struck the Nakhchivan exclave on March 5, pulling the country into the widening regional […] The post Caspian Wire: Heavy Prison Sentences Handed to Civil Society Activists | March 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
<!-- [if mso]> <xml><o:OfficeDocumentSettings><o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch></o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml> <![endif]--> Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights related news MARCH 2026 March 2026 was defined by two parallel crises: an accelerating crackdown inside Azerbaijan, with heavy sentences against journalists, activists, and opposition figures, and an external shock when Iranian drones struck the Nakhchivan exclave on March 5, pulling the country into the widening regional conflict. This bulletin documents both, drawing on verified reporting from independent Azerbaijani media and international human rights organizations. 01 Nine Women Journalists Behind Bars on Women’s Day As the world marked International Women’s Day on 8 March, nine women journalists in Azerbaijan were spending it in prison — jailed on spurious charges for their independent reporting. The Norwegian Helsinki Committee published a dedicated report on 9 March documenting their cases and calling for their immediate release. The Nine Women Azerbaijan ranked 167th out of 180 countries in RSF’s 2025 Press Freedom Index — the highest number of politically motivated journalist imprisonments since independence. At least 25 media workers are currently jailed or under investigation. Name Age Outlet Sevinj Vagifgizi 37 Abzas Media Nargiz Absalamova 28 Abzas Media Elnara Gasimova 30 Abzas Media Aynur Elgunash 51 Meydan TV Aytaj Ahmadova 33 Meydan TV Aysel Umudova 34 Meydan TV Khayala Aghayeva 29 Meydan TV Fatima Movlamli 26 Freelance Ulviyya Ali 33 Freelance Several detainees suffer from serious health conditions and are being denied adequate medical care. The case of Aynur Elgunash is particularly alarming. She has a disablity, has undergone multiple surgeries, and requires ongoing treatment unavailable in detention. Amnesty International confirmed in February that at least three Meydan TV journalists are being denied urgently needed medical care. Fatima Movlamli: “Freedom — One Year Behind” On 28 February, journalist Fatima Movlamli marked one year of detention at Baku Investigation Detention Center by writing a letter published by Meydan TV. She described her arrest in striking terms, where masked operatives surrounding her, handcuffs without explanation, a planted search, money hidden under her pillow, and a “puppet judge” fulfilling the order the next day. “I felt free the moment I was arrested — because I had known for a long time that it was coming. I chose this prison, along with all the deprivations that came with it.” — Fatima Movlamli, Baku Investigation Detention Center, 28 February 2026 02 Wave of Harsh Sentences in March March saw a striking volume of heavy prison sentences handed to civil society activists, and political figures — all of whom reject the charges as politically motivated. Azer Gasimli, political scientist — 12 years (March 11). Zamin Zaki, social worker, NGO case — 7.5 years (March 11). Ahmad Mammadli, founder of Yoldash Media — 6 years (March 16). Martin Ryan, French businessman — 10 years on espionage charges (March 17). Tofiq Yaqublu: “They Will Kill Me Like Navalny” Opposition politician Tofiq Yaqublu began a hunger strike again, in protest against his unjust sentencing and had gone without food for at least 24 days by late March. His daughter stated: “Responsibility for his life rests with Ilham Aliyev.” Yaqublu had reportedly said: “I choose my own death” and “They will kill me like Navalny in the end.” His family appealed to the president for house arrest. APFP: Party Under Systematic Dismantlement On 2 March, Emil Salim, Chair of the APFP Youth Committee, was transferred from administrative detention to the State Security Service (DTX). Family and lawyer were denied information on his whereabouts for days. APFP stated the 20-day administrative sentence for “spreading false information online” was a pretext for SSS interrogation. More than 20 APFP members are currently detained on various charges. Party leader Ali Karimli and Presidium member Mammad Ibrahim face charges of attempting to forcibly seize power, which the party categorically rejects. NGO Case — Civil Society Criminalized Prosecutors launched criminal investigations against multiple NGOs in 2025 for “illegal entrepreneurship” and “tax evasion,” leading to continued prosecution of Bashir Suleymanli (Institute for Civil Rights), Mammad Mammadzade (Election Monitoring Alliance), Asaf Ahmadov, and Zamin Zaki. Suleymanli’s family reported he is being subjected to pressure in isolation. 03 Detention Conditions & Ill-Treatment Labor rights activist Aykhan Israfilov wrote from Penitentiary Colony No. 10 that a “barracks dictatorship” has taken hold there, with systematic social isolation and collective punishment. Separately, prisoners at the same colony were reportedly forced to stand in outdoor formation in the rain at temperatures at or below 12°C — a violation of minimum detention standards under Azerbaijani law, which prohibits outdoor formation below that threshold. Two believers were detained in March, reportedly on religious grounds. One stated: “Police tried to put my head in the toilet.” “A real barracks dictatorship has formed here.” — Aykhan Israfilov, labor rights activist, writing from Penitentiary Colony No. 10, March 2026 04 Media Freedom: Courts, Censorship & Threats “Ilham Aliyev,” “Dictatorship,” “Regime” Struck from Court Hearings Akif Gurbanov, spokesman for the Third Republic Platform, reported in March that court protocols are being systematically edited to remove political terms such as “Ilham Aliyev,” “dictatorship,” and “regime” — even when defendants use these words in open court. The practice effectively falsifies the historical record of political trials. Female Journalists Threatened with New Criminal Cases The warden of Baku Investigation Detention Center threatened the women detained in the Meydan TV case with new criminal charges if they did not comply with facility rules — a form of institutional intimidation documented and published by Meydan TV in March. RSF: Free All Jailed Journalists Reporters Without Borders called in March for the release of journalist Farid Mehralizada and all journalists detained in Azerbaijan. Mehralizada stated: “I was arrested for my economics reporting at Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.” The CoE Platform for the Protection of Journalism counted 30 imprisoned journalists in Azerbaijan as of 31 December 2025. Supreme Court Issues “Right to be Forgotten” Ruling Azerbaijan’s Supreme Court issued a “right to be forgotten” interpretation in March allowing individuals to demand deletion of published online information. Experts warned this mechanism could be weaponized by powerful figures to suppress accountability journalism and erase inconvenient reporting from the public record. 05 Iranian Drones Strike Nakhchivan On 5 March, two Iranian kamikaze drones struck Azerbaijan’s Nakhchivan exclave in the first direct military strike on Azerbaijani territory since the war in Iran. One drone hit the terminal of Nakhchivan International Airport, another landed near a school in the village of Shakarabad. Two civilians were injured. The attack occurred as the US–Israel–Iran conflict widened across the region. President Aliyev called it a “terrorist act” and vowed those responsible would face Azerbaijan’s “Iron Fist.” Azerbaijan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs formally blamed Iran, Iranian armed forces denied responsibility. “The Azerbaijani state strongly condemns this ugly terrorist act, and those who committed it must be immediately held accountable.” — President Ilham Aliyev, 5 March 2026 Border Closure Azerbaijan’s Cabinet of Ministers immediately suspended all freight transit at the Iranian border on 5 March. Over 500 drivers were stranded at the Astara crossing, with goods spoiling and fuel running out. By midnight on 6 March, approximately 1,500 trucks had accumulated. Qazetci correspondents reported drivers telling them: “We’ve been in Iran for over 15 days. Our fuel is running out. Our money is gone. We called the embassy — no one picked up.” Freight transit resumed on 6 March. International Reactions United States: State Department “strongly condemns” the “unprovoked drone attack by the Iranian regime” targeting civilian infrastructure and a children’s school. Turkey: Condemns strikes on “third countries,” reaffirms solidarity with Azerbaijan. European Union: Foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas calls the strikes “completely unacceptable” and warns of escalation risk beyond the Middle East. Geopolitical Context Analysts at the Gulf International Forum and CEPA note that Nakhchivan sits at the heart of the planned east-west TRIPP corridor (linking Baku to Turkey and European markets) — a route Iran views as a strategic threat. As IRGC capacity weakens under US and Israeli pressure in western Iran, the South Caucasus is being pulled into a secondary conflict zone. President Aliyev declared the army had been placed on its highest level of mobilization readiness. 06 International Accountability Council of Europe: ECHR Rulings Not Implemented The Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers formally stated in March that Azerbaijan is failing to implement European Court of Human Rights rulings related to the arbitrary detention of government critics. The Committee noted these are not isolated cases but reflect a systemic pattern. Azerbaijan continues to engage selectively with Council of Europe bodies, retaining the benefits of membership while ignoring accountability conditions. ECHR: €130,000+ Against Azerbaijan for Forced Demolition The European Court awarded over €130,000 in compensation to a family whose apartment in Baku’s Sabail district was demolished without adequate process or remedy — a case involving forced evictions and property rights violations. UN Submission: Torture Is Systemic A statement submitted to UN mechanisms in March documented that torture and human rights violations in Azerbaijan are systemic. The submission referenced doctoral researchers Bahruz Samadov and Igbal Abilov, arrested in 2024 for peaceful academic activity, as illustrative of the broader pattern. HRW: Formula One Should Put Human Rights in the Driver’s Seat Human Rights Watch called on Formula One ahead of the Baku Grand Prix to use its leverage to press for the release of political prisoners — noting the stark contradiction of hosting a major international event while journalists and activists remain behind bars. 07 Repression Beyond Azerbaijan’s Borders HRW documented in February that Azerbaijan is expanding its crackdown on activists in exile. Starting from March 2025, criminal investigations were launched in absentia against several exiled bloggers on charges including terrorism, incitement to mass riots, fraud, and attempted coup. All deny the allegations. However, on the other hand, a source who had been blocked from leaving Azerbaijan told Qazetci they were permitted to leave only after Russia’s SVR Director Sergey Naryshkin personally called President Aliyev. Note A statement published by Qazetci in March reported an intimidation and smear campaign against the outlet. The editorial board issued a public statement rejecting the pressure and affirming their commitment to independent reporting. 08 Energy, Sanctions & Geopolitics An EU energy commissioner publicly described Azerbaijani gas supplies as “a pillar of European energy security” amid the Middle East crisis — a framing that critics argue provides Baku with political cover for its human rights record. The Southern Gas Corridor continues to create structural incentives for European institutions to soften public criticism of Azerbaijan. SOCAR’s Kulevi terminal in Georgia narrowly escaped inclusion on the EU’s latest Russia sanctions list — an outcome that Abzas Media described as significant and that raises questions about the consistency of sanctions enforcement where Azerbaijani state energy interests are involved. The post Caspian Wire: Heavy Prison Sentences Handed to Civil Society Activists | March 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Caspian Wire: Hunger strikes, prison abuse, and a letter to Washington | February 2026
Journalists on hunger strike, political detentions escalate, and 18 prisoners write to Trump — Caspian Wire, February 2026 ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights related news FEBRUARY 2026 This bulletin documents intensifying repression in Azerbaijan: journalists held in deteriorating conditions, expanded charges against the opposition, and a wave of detentions as […] The post Caspian Wire: Hunger strikes, prison abuse, and a letter to Washington | February 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
<!--[if mso]> <xml><o:OfficeDocumentSettings><o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch></o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml> <![endif]--> Journalists on hunger strike, political detentions escalate, and 18 prisoners write to Trump — Caspian Wire, February 2026 ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ ‌ Caspian Wire Free Voices Collective Azerbaijan human rights related news FEBRUARY 2026 This bulletin documents intensifying repression in Azerbaijan: journalists held in deteriorating conditions, expanded charges against the opposition, and a wave of detentions as international scrutiny grew ahead of US Vice President JD Vance’s visit to Baku. 01 Journalists Targeted Through Courts and Custody Meydan TV Case On 4 February, journalist Nurlan Libre (Gahramanli) announced he would refuse to attend the 6 February hearing, citing the prosecution’s failure to respond to his complaint about violence at a prior session. He had self-harmed at the 22 December hearing in protest and was subsequently held in solitary confinement for two days. On 6 February, Libre was kept in a separate glass booth from the other eleven defendants. His lawyer Javad Javadov requested urgent medical attention after 21 days on hunger strike. After examination he was moved to join his colleagues, though his handcuffs were not removed. He stated he would continue his hunger strike “until the last jailed journalist colleague is freed.” “I will continue [hunger strike] until the last journalist is freed.” — Nurlan Libre, Meydan TV journalist, on hunger strike On 10 February, Libre’s wife Asli Alizadeh reported he had been dragged to court in handcuffs without time to dress, was severely emaciated, and threatened suicide if the abuse continued. “The first time I saw him through the glass I didn’t recognise him — he is skin and bone.” On 3 February, detained journalist Ulviyya Ali (Guliyeva) was announced as the winner of the Free Press Unlimited “Most Resilient Journalist” award at the Free Press Awards 2025, while continuing to report on human rights violations from Baku Pre-Trial Detention Center. On 10 February, detained journalists Shamshad Agha and Fatima Movlamli published written accounts from detention. Agha critiqued sovereignty under authoritarianism; Movlamli described her path from a schoolroom encounter to journalism and imprisonment. Toplum TV Case On 2 February, tax expert Nasimi Suleymanov conceded under questioning that no audit had been conducted — the alleged 79,000-manat tax evasion figure was based solely on numbers provided by the investigation. Defendant Farid Ismayilov demanded evidence specific to him and requested that Economy Minister Mikayil Jabbarov be summoned. The court refused. Next hearing: 9 February. On 9 February, Akif Gurbanov challenged the court: “Has there ever been a single time you said ‘yes’ when the prosecutor said ‘no’?” The court rejected all defence motions. Next hearing: 23 February. AbzasMedia — Lankaran Prison Violence Photo: Abzas Media On 4 February, the parents of Sevinj Vagifgizi, Nargiz Absalamova, and Elnara Gasimova reported that Lankaran Penitentiary Complex director Babak Iskanderov had beaten a female prisoner in his office. Vagifgizi described inmates dragged by their hair, male prisoners forced to kneel, and phone calls blocked. Complaints to the Ombudsman received no response. On 6 February, the ECPMF warned that the lives of the three journalists are at risk, calling for independent monitoring and investigation. 02 Human Rights Defenders Under Prosecution Bahruz Samadov — Fears for His Life On 2 February, academic Bahruz Samadov — serving fifteen years on treason charges he denies — issued a public appeal warning the state planned to “physically end his life through another’s hands” by transferring him to Umbaki maximum-security prison. On 5 February, the Baku Court of Appeal upheld the transfer, rejecting all motions. Samadov announced a hunger strike in protest. On 8 February, Armenia’s Foreign Intelligence Service officially denied Samadov had ever cooperated with Armenian intelligence — the central espionage allegation in his indictment — in its first formal response. NGO Case — New Trials Open On 11 February, trial opened for Mehriban Rahimli, former Azerbaijan adviser to the US German Marshall Fund. She called the case “a disgrace to the law,” noting it was absurd to classify seventeen years of monthly salary as “grants.” On 12 February, Bashir Suleymanli argued his USAID-funded legal aid to Karabakh veterans was lawful, presenting documents showing a pro-government MP had called for USAID involvement in reconstruction and that state ministries had themselves received USAID funding. The court rejected his motions. Next hearing: 12 March. Azer Gasimli — Thirteen Years Demanded On 11 February, the prosecutor demanded thirteen years for political analyst Azer Gasimli, based on a single witness and no corroborating evidence. Court records revealed the alleged victim had filed for his own divorce before the supposed extortion, directly contradicting his testimony. 03 Opposition Under Continuous Pressure Wave of APFP Detentions Between 30 January and 9 February, four Azerbaijan Popular Front Party (APFP) members were detained in rapid succession: Anar Erkivan (30 days, 31 January); Elmar Farzaliyev (detained 2 February, drug testing ordered); Orkhan Bakhishli, a former political prisoner who went missing for two days before being sentenced to 30 days; and Ahmad Ahmadov, APFP’s Absheron branch chairman, placed in three months’ pre-trial detention after his daughter withdrew her complaint. On 10 February, the pre-trial detention of APFP chairman Ali Karimli and executive board member Mammad Ibrahim was extended by four months. Over twenty APFP members are currently held. State Security Services Allege “Coup Plot” — APFP Rejects Charges On 12 February, the State Security Services published accusations that former Presidential Administration chief Ramiz Mehdiyev, former Deputy PM Abbas Abbasov, and APFP chairman Ali Karimli planned to seize power by force. In absentia arrest warrants were issued for Abbasov, APFP deputy chairman Fuad Gahramanli, and editor Ganimat Zahid, all abroad. APFP called the claims “lies from beginning to end.” On 5 February, a Committee for Ali Karimli’s Rights was established with historian Jamil Hasanli and rights defender Leyla Yunus as co-chairs, demanding his immediate release. 04 Detention Conditions, Health & Ill-Treatment Nurlan Libre remained on hunger strike throughout February, handcuffed during hearings, denied blood test results, and prevented from corresponding with family and counsel. Lankaran prison director Babak Iskanderov was accused of beating a female prisoner. Video calls remained blocked for the three AbzasMedia journalists despite being legally required. Detained believer Aghamahdi Mammadov (second-group disability) was denied medical treatment despite near-total vision loss and swollen lymph nodes. Medical referral documents were returned four times without explanation. On 4 February, TikTok blogger Salman Mammadov (“Velizar”), a queer content creator, was sentenced to administrative detention under so-called “immorality” laws applied to online content. Six other individuals were arrested the same day under the same provisions, reflecting a systematic use of morality-based legislation to suppress LGBTQ+ expression and online speech. The same day, civic activist Movsun Mammadov of Kurdamir was sentenced to 30 days for a social media post; his location was not disclosed to his family. Mushvig Abbasov, a former investigator at the Baku City Prosecutor’s Office, was sentenced to 15 days’ administrative detention by the Yasamal District Court under Article 388-1.1.1 of the Administrative Offences Code (spreading prohibited information online). Days earlier, he had posted on Facebook in response to President Ilham Aliyev’s remark at the Munich Security Conference that “there is no independent media in the world” — writing: “There is no independent media in the world, but we have it.” 05 International Response & Accountability On 5 February, a coalition including Amnesty International, ARTICLE 19 Europe, Human Rights House Foundation, and OMCT issued a joint statement on sexual harassment allegations against journalists Aysel Umudova and Ulviyya Ali, calling for independent investigation and their immediate release. On 9 February, eighteen political prisoners signed an open letter to the Trump Administration and US Congress, citing over 400 political prisoners in Azerbaijan. Signatories included Shamshad Agha, Ulviyya Ali, Nurlan Libre, and Bahruz Samadov. On 10 February, the Political Prisoners’ Defence Committee appealed to US Vice President JD Vance during his Baku visit, warning that Azerbaijan’s political prisoner problem poses a risk to US–Azerbaijan relations. Vance arrived on 10 February following meetings in Yerevan the previous day. Ulviyya Ali and Aysel Umudova “Vance should not cut deals with Ilham Aliyev. What matters is human rights.” — Imran Aliyev, journalist, from the dock at his hearing, 10 February 06 Repression Beyond Azerbaijan’s Borders On 12 February, Gultakin Hajibayli, a member of the National Council’s Coordination Board, was deported from Turkey to Azerbaijan overnight. She had been held in Istanbul since 29 November 2025 under Turkey’s G-82 national security code. Upon arrival she remained free with no charges filed, though her name appeared in government media’s coup-plot coverage. On 12 February, the State Security Services issued in absentia arrest warrants for former Deputy PM Abbas Abbasov, APFP deputy chairman Fuad Gahramanli, and Azadliq editor Ganimat Zahid, all currently abroad. All three denied the charges. Note On 13 February, nineteen Azerbaijani civil society representatives crossed the land border into Armenia for the first time since the Tavush–Gazakh delimitation agreement, to meet with counterparts. The post Caspian Wire: Hunger strikes, prison abuse, and a letter to Washington | February 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Detained journalists report abuse during cell search
Abuse of detained journalists in Baku was reported on 18 February 2026, when Aytaj Ahmadova (Tapdig), Aysel Umudova and Khayala Aghayeva stated that they were subjected to physical and verbal violence during a cell search at Baku Pre-Trial Detention Centre No. 1. The abuse was reportedly committed by approximately 10 detention officers led by Deputy […] The post Detained journalists report abuse during cell search appeared first on Free voices.
Abuse of detained journalists in Baku was reported on 18 February 2026, when Aytaj Ahmadova (Tapdig), Aysel Umudova and Khayala Aghayeva stated that they were subjected to physical and verbal violence during a cell search at Baku Pre-Trial Detention Centre No. 1. The abuse was reportedly committed by approximately 10 detention officers led by Deputy Warden Javid Gulaliyev. According to their account, male officers were present during the search despite regulations prohibiting their presence in women’s cells. When the journalists objected to the manner of an irregular search, officers used force, twisting their arms behind their backs, pressing their necks downward, and dragging them on the ground from the cell. One officer reportedly forced open a restroom door while Aysel Umudova was inside. The journalists state that they were insulted, threatened and restrained by multiple staff members. Khayala Aghayeva sustained visible injuries to her wrist and hand, and Aytaj Tapdig was reportedly held alone in the exercise yard for approximately 30 minutes. The incident was captured on corridor surveillance cameras that stream to the office of the detention centre director. The journalists state that the search appeared to be retaliatory, following protests they had made during recent court hearings. They report being warned that similar searches may take place weekly. BACKGROUND Since November 2023, the Azerbaijani authorities have arbitrarily detained nearly 30 journalists and other media workers, as they stepped up their crackdown on independent voices and all dissent in the country. At least 12 of those detained since 6 December 2024 are journalists and media workers linked to Meydan TV, the Baku School of Journalism and other independent media outlets, as part of a single criminal case. On 6 December 2024, Meydan TV journalists Aynur Ganbarova (Elgunash), Aytaj Ahmadova (Tapdig), Khayala Aghayeva, Aysel Umudova, Ramin Jabrailzadeh (Deko) and Natig Javadli were detained, alongside Ulvi Tahirov, Deputy Director of the Baku School of Journalism. Further arrests followed: Shamshad Agha (Aghayev), editor-in-chief of Argument.az and a contributor to Meydan TV, as well as freelance reporters Nurlan Gahramanli (Libre) and Fatima Movlamli, were detained in February 2025, journalist Ulviyya Guliyeva (Ali) was detained in May 2025, and photojournalist Ahmad Mukhtar was detained in August 2025. These journalists have been charged under Article 206.3.2 of the Criminal Code of Azerbaijan (“smuggling of foreign currency”), a provision that has been repeatedly used to silence independent media outlets and journalists in Azerbaijan, including Abzas Media, Toplum TV and Kanal-13. Detained journalists regularly report being subjected to ill-treatment, including denial of necessary medical care and being held in severely overcrowded cells (15–18 detainees confined to cells designed for eight to 10 people) and unsanitary conditions, including toilets located inside sleeping areas, causing or further contributing to the deterioration of their health. In a joint appeal, the journalists have called on the diplomatic corps operating in Azerbaijan, in particular the EU Delegation to Azerbaijan and the embassies of the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and France to attend and monitor proceedings before the Baku Court of Grave Crimes. They state that their right to defence is undermined by the absence of independent media and the lack of public oversight and visual coverage of the trial. Reported allegations of abuse in detention must be subject to a prompt, independent and impartial investigation. WE CALL ON THE AZERBAIJANI AUTHORITIES: to ensure the immediate safety and protection of Aytaj Tapdig, Aysel Umudova and Khayala Aghayeva; to conduct a prompt, thorough and independent investigation into the allegations of ill-treatment and hold those responsible to account; to release the journalists arrested in relation to Meydan TV. The post Detained journalists report abuse during cell search appeared first on Free voices.
Caspian Wire: Journalists, Activists Face Courts and Custody | January 2026
Journalists Targeted Through Courts and Custody On January 5, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes held a hearing in the Toplum TV case. Defendants said the prosecution improperly treats foreign travel as evidence of smuggling and renewed objections to the judicial panel. The court agreed to seek information on a vehicle purchased abroad by journalist Mushfig Jabarov that could not clear customs after […] The post Caspian Wire: Journalists, Activists Face Courts and Custody | January 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Journalists Targeted Through Courts and Custody On January 5, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes held a hearing in the Toplum TV case. Defendants said the prosecution improperly treats foreign travel as evidence of smuggling and renewed objections to the judicial panel. The court agreed to seek information on a vehicle purchased abroad by journalist Mushfig Jabarov that could not clear customs after his detention; proceedings were set to continue on 7 January. On January 12, the same court continued the Toplum TV proceedings, examining search protocols alleging the discovery of cash. Defense lawyers said evidence was planted. Co-founder Alasgar Mammadli reported worsening health and said court-ordered medical checks had not been implemented; a doctor was called after the session. On January 19, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes rejected renewed requests for house arrest by Toplum TV co-founder Alasgar Mammadli. The court screened video footage from a search of Ruslan Izzatli’s home, where authorities claim €4,800 was found. Izzatli said the money was planted. Defendant Farid Ismayilov asked the court to summon media executives over alleged publication of investigative materials. Proceedings were adjourned to February 2. In the Meydan TV case, journalist Nurlan Gahramanli (Libre) allegedly self-harmed during a 22 December court hearing, according to his spouse. On 23 January, she said his condition worsened after a hunger strike begun on 16 January; no medical examination was confirmed. On January 29, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes granted Shamshad Agha three days’ temporary leave from detention to attend his mother’s funeral in Lerik region. Human Rights Defenders and Activists Under Prosecution On January 23, the Baku Court of Appeal upheld the extension of pre-trial detention for lawyer Zabil Gahramanov, whose legal practice was suspended by the Bar Association. On January 22, the trial of election monitor Mammad Alpay opened, with the court denying defense motions for house arrest and filming. The same day, the Court of Appeal adjourned peace activist and academic Bahruz Samadov‘s complaint against his transfer to Umbaki prison and denied his request for a medical expert assessment. On January 26, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes questioned the complainant in the case of human rights defender Rufat Safarov, who denies fraud, bodily harm, and hooliganism charges and says his detention since December 3, 2024 is politically motivated. On January 28, the same court granted a defense motion to compel a witness to appear in the case of political analyst Azer Gasimli, detained since December 2024 on extortion charges he rejects. Opposition Under Sustained Pressure Activist and English teacher Dayanat Chalabiyev was detained on December 22 and placed in pre-trial detention by the Khatai District Court two days later on charges of grievous bodily harm, punishable by up to 11 years’ imprisonment. Chalabiyev denied the charge and said the case was retaliation for a Facebook post criticizing the government published one day before his arrest. In an interview published by Meydan TV on January 5, imprisoned opposition politician Tofig Yagublu said authorities were using regional geopolitical developments to justify political repression and dismissed claims linking opposition figures to foreign forces. He said hunger strikes remain one of the few tools available to detainees. On January 7, the Khatai District Court placed APFP Masalli member Alikhan Rajabli in three months’ pre-trial detention on drug possession charges. The party said the case is politically motivated and cited health concerns; authorities did not comment. On January 12, APFP deputy chair Fuad Gahramanli said he was summoned to the State Security Service for questioning in the “Ramiz Mehdiyev case.” He said he was abroad at the time. On January 26, the APFP reported two members received administrative detention over online criticism: Teymur Salahov (10 days) and Shamil Jafarov (15 days). Authorities did not provide case-specific explanations. In an interview published on January 27, Ali Karimli’s wife alleged procedural violations and evidence planting during the home search tied to his detention. On 28 January, Karimli issued a statement urging U.S. officials to raise human rights during an expected February visit. Detention Conditions, Health, and Ill-Treatment On January 19, the Khazar District Court extended by two months the pre-trial detention of six religious women activists — Nigar Bagirova, Khoshgadam Guliyeva, Shargiyya Sadigova, Arzu Huseynova, Aytan Ibrahimova, and Shahla Farajova. They were detained on August 15 while distributing food in the name of Imam Hussein and chanting pro-Palestinian slogans. On January 21, detained journalist Rashad Ramazanov alleged he was beaten and threatened by the director of Prison No. 11 in a letter from custody. In December 2025, Ramazanov was placed in solitary confinement. On January 22, the Khazar District Court sentenced civic activist Konul Ahmadova to 20 days’ administrative detention under Article 388-1.1.1 (online content). Relatives said the case stemmed from social-media comments. On January 27, the Supreme Court upheld the three-year prison sentence of trade-union activist Mohyaddin Orujov. Earlier in January, his lawyer warned of pressure in Prison No. 13 following a family video call. On January 28, detained labour activist Elvin Mustafayev said medical treatment requests were being ignored at Umbaki prison. On January 26, thirteen religious detainees in Umbaki began a hunger strike, protesting prolonged detention and ill-treatment. Supporters warned of possible escalation. Accountability Abroad On January 13, the European Court of Human Rights found violations of Article 3 in the case of civic activist Elgiz Gahraman, citing failure to investigate torture allegations and degrading treatment. The Court ordered €10,000 in damages and €2,054.81 in costs. On January 27, the ECtHR ruled in favour of journalist Khadija Ismayilova, finding violations of Articles 7, 6, 10, and 18 and ordering €12,000 in moral damages and €4,000 in legal costs. On January 26, the PACE winter session opened without Azerbaijan, as the Parliament of Azerbaijan did not transmit credentials for the 2026 Ordinary Session. In 2024, the PACE has resolved not to ratify the credentials of the Azerbaijani delegation, mentioning very serious concerns about Azerbaijan’s ability ‘to conduct free and fair elections, the separation of powers, the weakness of its legislature vis-à-vis the executive, the independence of the judiciary and respect for human rights, as illustrated by numerous judgments of the European Court of Human Rights and opinions of the Venice Commission’. Repression Beyond Azerbaijan’s Borders On January 14, the Istanbul Administrative Court rejected a request to suspend the deportation of exiled opposition figure Gultakin Hajibayli, who remains held at Chatalca Removal Center under the G-82 national-security code. On January 14, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes sentenced exiled journalist Sevinj Osmangizi, journalist Beydulla Manafov, and blogger Abid Gafarov to eight years’ imprisonment in absentia on charges related to public calls against the state. The defendants, who live abroad, denied the accusations. On January 22, diaspora coalition ASİMK urged the Council of Europe to activate a Joint Complementary Procedure against Azerbaijan, citing intensified repression. On January 26, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes sentenced exiled blogger Murad Guliyev to six years’ imprisonment in absentia on charges concerning the forcible seizure of power. Guliyev denied wrongdoing. On January 20, the Baku Court of Grave Crimes sentenced U.S.-based blogger and government critic Vagif Allahverdiyev to eight years’ imprisonment in absentia, over alleged online calls made in 2017. The defendant denied the accusations. Azerbaijan Among Top Global Jailers of Journalists On January 21, the Committee to Protect Journalists reported that more than 300 journalists were imprisoned worldwide as of the end of 2025, marking the fifth consecutive year at record levels. CPJ noted that Azerbaijan jailed 24 journalists, nearly doubling the previous year’s figure and placing the country among the top ten jailers globally for the first time since 2018. The report cited the use of anti-state, security, and financial charges, prolonged pre-trial detention, and harsh prison conditions, including medical neglect, as recurring patterns in the repression of independent journalism. Adjusted for population size, Azerbaijan’s figure places it among the countries with the highest rates of journalist imprisonment per capita in the world, despite its relatively small population. The post Caspian Wire: Journalists, Activists Face Courts and Custody | January 2026 appeared first on Free voices.
Throughout 2025, authorities in Azerbaijan continued and consolidated a systematic crackdown on civic space, affecting independent media, civil society, political opposition, academics, labour activists, and religious communities. The year was marked by the routine criminalisation of journalism and civic activism through spurious “economic crimes,” tax offences, smuggling charges, and allegations of extremism or threats to […] The post 2025 Human Rights Update – Azerbaijan appeared first on Free voices.
Throughout 2025, authorities in Azerbaijan continued and consolidated a systematic crackdown on civic space, affecting independent media, civil society, political opposition, academics, labour activists, and religious communities. The year was marked by the routine criminalisation of journalism and civic activism through spurious “economic crimes,” tax offences, smuggling charges, and allegations of extremism or threats to constitutional order. Independent media outlets were subjected to arrests, aggravated charges, prolonged pre-trial detention, prison transfers, and, in several cases, lengthy prison sentences. Pre-trial detention was used extensively and punitively, often extended repeatedly without individualized judicial reasoning, alongside administrative detention for peaceful protest and expression. Serious concerns regarding ill-treatment and denial of medical care in detention persisted, including reports of beatings, solitary confinement, hunger strikes, and at least one death in custody under contested circumstances. Fair trial guarantees were systematically undermined, with reports of closed or restricted hearings, bans on audio and video recording, pressure on witnesses, civil claims filed by state bodies during criminal proceedings, and courts’ routine dismissal of defence motions. Political opposition, particularly members and leadership of the Popular Front Party and the National Council, faced arrest, prolonged detention, travel bans, administrative detention, workplace retaliation, and renewed criminal investigations. Freedom of religion or belief was restricted through arrests of religious activists, including women detained for religious charity activities and protest, as well as harsh treatment of Muslim Unity Movement–affiliated prisoners. Transnational repression intensified, including in-absentia trials of exiled journalists and bloggers, travel bans imposed on relatives, and deportation or extradition risks for critics abroad. Surveillance and misuse of state power raised acute concerns, notably through reported Pegasus spyware targeting and a regulation granting the State Security Service sweeping access to citizens’ personal data, later removed without explanation. I. SHRINKING CIVIC SPACE IN AZERBAIJAN In 2025, Azerbaijan’s civic space remained severely restricted, with the authorities maintaining and deepening a multi-layered strategy to suppress dissent, eliminate independent voices and civic engagement. The pattern observed from early 2025 through the end of the year reflects continuity, with repression becoming increasingly normalized across institutions. From January onwards, criminal law and administrative measures were used as primary tools to silence criticism. Journalists, human rights defenders, labor activists, political opponents, scholars, and religious figures were subjected to arrests, raids, travel bans, and prosecutions on charges widely described by defendants and observers as fabricated or politically motivated. Pre-trial detention became a default measure, often extended repeatedly, while courts routinely rejected alternatives such as house arrest. Independent media faced near-total incapacitation. Journalists affiliated with Abzas Media, Meydan TV, Toplum TV, Kanal 13 and other linked platforms were arrested, charged under similar “economic crimes” provisions, and held in prolonged detention. Trials were marked by procedural irregularities, restrictions on public scrutiny, and retaliatory measures against both defendants and their family members, including travel bans, bank account restrictions, and forced prison transfers far from their place of residence. Civil society and political opposition were similarly targeted. Long-standing criminal investigations were reopened and expanded in 2025, leading to new arrests and aggravated charges against civil society actors. Members and leaders of opposition parties faced detention, administrative arrests, and renewed pressure, while peaceful protest actions were met with swift punitive responses. Conditions of detention and treatment of detainees raised grave human rights concerns throughout the year. Multiple detainees reported beatings, threats, denial of medical treatment, and placement in solitary confinement. Hunger strikes were repeatedly used by prisoners as a last resort to protest conditions or procedural abuses, with some cases involving severe deterioration of health. At least one opposition activist died in custody in December, with the circumstances disputed by family members. Religious communities and activists also faced repression. Women detained for religious charity activities or expressions of solidarity, as well as members of the Muslim Unity Movement, reported ill-treatment, punitive detention conditions, and hunger strikes. By late 2025, the cumulative effect of these measures was the near erasure of independent civic activity. The convergence of criminal prosecutions, judicial acquiescence, administrative harassment, surveillance, and transnational repression demonstrates a consolidated system aimed at preventing scrutiny, silencing dissent, and insulating authorities from accountability. These developments raise profound concerns under multiple provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights and underscore the need for sustained engagement by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, including through monitoring procedures, individual case scrutiny, and coordination with other Council of Europe bodies. II. THEMATIC FINDINGS 1. Criminalisation of Independent Media and the “Economic Crimes” Playbook Throughout 2025, Azerbaijani authorities repeatedly targeted independent journalists and media outlets through criminal prosecutions framed as “economic crimes”, including smuggling, tax evasion, illegal entrepreneurship, fraud, and extortion. These charges were applied across multiple outlets and journalists, often following searches, confiscation of equipment, and prolonged pre-trial detention. The pattern suggests a coordinated strategy to dismantle independent journalism rather than address genuine financial offences. Abzas Media case: In June 2025, seven Abzas Media journalists were sentenced to prison terms of up to nine years on economic charges. During 2025, detained Abzas Media journalists reported ill-treatment and denial of medical care. In September 2025, journalists Sevinc Vagifgizi, Nargiz Absalamova, and Elnara Gasimova were transferred without notice to a prison in Lenkoran, far from their registered place of residence, and reported missing personal belongings. Meydan TV case: From December 2024 through 2025, twelve journalists were arrested and held in pre-trial detention on smuggling-related charges. Courts repeatedly extended detention periods in September and December 2025. In December 2025, the Baku Serious Crimes Court rejected requests for audio and video recording of hearings, despite public interest. Toplum TV case: Proceedings continued throughout 2025, with defendants reporting confiscation of equipment, contradictory witness testimony, and repeated denial of house arrest despite serious medical needs. Kanal 11 case: In December 2025, the Supreme Court partially reduced the sentence of Kanal 11 head Teymur Karimov, who continued to deny extortion charges and linked his prosecution to his journalistic activity. Kanal 13 case: Director of Kanal 13, Aziz Orujov was released after completing a two-year prison sentence. He was arrested in November 2023 on charges of “unauthorized construction,” later briefly accused of “currency smuggling,” a charge dropped before trial. 2. Ill-Treatment, Denial of Medical Care, Solitary Confinement, Hunger Strikes, and Deaths in Custody Detainees in politically sensitive cases throughout 2025 reported physical violence, denial of medical care, punitive solitary confinement, and degrading detention conditions. Hunger strikes were repeatedly initiated as a form of protest against treatment or procedural abuses. In at least one case, a detainee died in custody under contested circumstances. Abzas Media detainees reported physical violence, threats, sexualised abuse, and lack of medical treatment during detention, reported during 2025 several of times. Polad Aslanov, an imprisoned journalist, undertook a hunger strike from August to September 2025 over denial of medical documentation and poor prison conditions. Bahruz Samadov, detained scholar, went on hunger strike in September 2025 following appeal court decisions; later transferred to Umbaki high-security prison in December 2025. Nigar Baghirova, religious detainee, continued a prolonged hunger strike in December 2025 amid serious health deterioration. Elbayi Kerimli, opposition activist, died by suicide in custody in December 2025; family members alleged coercion and prior threats. Ruslan Izzatli and other Toplum TV defendants reported lack of basic medical equipment and urgent unmet surgical needs. The life of unfairly imprisoned Azerbaijani opposition figure Tofig Yagublu has been at serious risk. His health has severely deteriorated as a result of a hunger strike in April 2025 and the lack of the medical care he requires during the imprisonment. Journalist Nurlan Gahramanli (Libre), has been on hunger strike since January 16. He is in critical condition. Nurlan Libre was arrested on February 21, 2025, in connection with a criminal case related to Meydan TV. Co-founder of “Toplum TV” and a media expert, Alasgar Mammadli has been refused adequate medical care. He submitted dozens of requests for house arrest to undergo a surgical treatment and biopsy. 3. Fair Trial Violations and Judicial Independence Concerns Across 2025, courts routinely upheld prosecutorial requests while dismissing defence motions, contributing to serious concerns about judicial independence. Hearings were restricted, evidence contested, witnesses allegedly pressured, and state bodies intervened in criminal proceedings through civil claims. Rejection of audio/video recording requests in the Meydan TV trial in December 2025. Civil claim filed by the State Tax Service within the Meydan TV criminal proceedings. Contradictory and allegedly coerced testimony in the Toplum TV case, including allegations that witnesses were pressured to change statements. Blanket extensions of pre-trial detention for journalists and opposition figures throughout September–December 2025. Closed hearings in treason-related cases concerning researchers. 4. Political Opposition Repression Political opposition figures and party members were subjected to criminal charges, administrative detention, travel restrictions, and workplace retaliation throughout 2025, particularly targeting the Popular Front Party and National Council affiliates. Ali Karimli, opposition leader of Popular Front Party, detained in November 2025 and remained in pre-trial detention following rejected appeals in December. Repeated arrests and administrative detentions of Popular Front Party members in November–December 2025. Workplace dismissals of party members and supporters, including individuals fired after media interviews. 5. Freedom of Religion or Belief Religious activists, including women engaged in religious charity and members of the Muslim Unity Movement, were subjected to arrest, harsh detention conditions, and punitive measures in 2025. Arrest of religious women in August 2025 for alleged involvement in charity and protest activities related to Ashura and Palestine. Hunger strikes and reported beatings of Muslim Unity Movement members, including Tarlan Sayadov and Elman Sheydayev in late 2025. 6. Transnational Repression Authorities increasingly targeted critics outside Azerbaijan through in-absentia trials, summonses, travel bans, and deportation risks. 24 exiled critics and human rights defenders to whom the Office of the Prosecutor General issued summonses in the framework of the criminal proceedings in absentia since March 2025. In-absentia sentencing of Ganimat Zahid in December 2025. Sentencing in absentia of exiled blogger Mahammad Mirzali in September 2025. Detention and deportation order issued against Gultekin Hajibeyli in Türkiye in December 2025. Travel bans imposed on relatives of detainees, including journalists’ family members. Talysh activist Kamal Isayev was allegedly detained in Istanbul and transferred to Azerbaijan by the State Security Service in November 2025. Isayev, a Russian citizen, has lived in Moscow. III. SELECTED CASES Bahruz Samadov Bahruz Samadov is an academic researcher who was arrested in 2024 and sentenced in 2025 to 15 years’ imprisonment on charges of treason, following closed proceedings (specific hearing dates not specified in source material). His work focused on the Armenia–Azerbaijan conflict and included public criticism of state policies. Throughout 2025, Samadov’s case raised serious concerns regarding fair trial guarantees and conditions of detention. In September 2025, he reportedly undertook a hunger strike in protest against judicial decisions and his treatment in custody. In December 2025, a court ordered his transfer to Umbaki high-security prison for one year, despite objections from his defence. His lawyer indicated that an appeal would be lodged. The use of treason charges, closed hearings, prolonged detention, and transfer to a stricter regime prison raise concerns under Articles 5 and 6 ECHR, as well as broader issues regarding academic freedom and freedom of expression. Anar Mammadli and Anar Abdulla Anar Mammadli, head of the Election Monitoring and Democracy Studies Center (EMDS), and Anar Abdulla, a civil activist, remained in criminal proceedings throughout 2025. Both deny the charges against them, which include smuggling and financial crimes. During hearings in November 2025, defence lawyers argued that earlier ECtHR judgments had found violations in Mammadli’s prior detention, yet these same convictions were reportedly cited by domestic courts as aggravating factors. The court rejected defence motions to obtain official correspondence from Azerbaijan’s representative to the ECtHR that could undermine the prosecution’s position. The continued reliance on disputed past convictions, combined with prolonged pre-trial detention and dismissal of defence motions, raises concerns under Articles 5, 6, and 11 ECHR. Ulvi Hasanli and Sevinj Vagifgizi Ulvi Hasanli, director of Abzas Media, and Sevinj Vagifgizi, editor-in-chief, were sentenced in June 2025 to nine years’ imprisonment on economic charges, alongside other Abzas Media staff. All defendants deny the charges and state they are being punished for investigative reporting on corruption. During 2025, both journalists reported ill-treatment in detention and denial of adequate medical care (specific diagnoses not specified in source material). In September 2025, Vagifgizi and two other female journalists were transferred without notice to the newly opened Lankaran penitentiary complex, which they described as unprepared and unsanitary. In November 2025, Vagifgizi received the Reporters Without Borders Courage Award while in detention, highlighting the international recognition of her journalistic work. Their case illustrates the broader pattern of criminalising independent media through financial charges, engaging Articles 3, 5, 6, and 10 ECHR. Meydan TV Defendants At least twelve journalists associated with Meydan TV were detained during 2025 on aggravated smuggling and related charges. Those named in the proceedings include: Aynur Gambarova (Elgunash), Aysel Umudova, Natiq Javadli, Aytaj Ahmadova (Tapdig), Khayala Agayeva, Ramin Jabrayilzade (Deko), Ulvi Tahirov, Shamshad Agayev (Agha), Nurlan Gahramanli (Libre), Fatima Movlamli, Ulviya Guliyeva (Ali), and photojournalist Ahmad Mukhtar. Throughout 2025, courts repeatedly extended their pre-trial detention. Defendants reported denial of recording in hearings, confiscation of legal documents, pressure during searches, and restrictions on family and lawyer visits. Several publicly stated that the proceedings were politically directed and lacked judicial independence. The scale of the case and uniformity of charges raise systemic concerns under Articles 5, 6, and 10 ECHR. Afiyaddin Mammadov Afiyaddin Mammadov, a labour rights activist linked to the “Workers Desk” Confederation, was imprisoned during 2025 on charges he describes as fabricated (specific charges not specified in source material). In late 2025, he reported being placed in a punishment cell, threatened by prison authorities, and subjected to restrictions on phone calls following an interview describing detention conditions. He later issued a public appeal alleging arbitrary rule by prison management and suppression of complaints. His treatment, including punitive measures following public criticism and denial of communication, raises concerns under Articles 3, 5, 10, and 11 ECHR. The post 2025 Human Rights Update – Azerbaijan appeared first on Free voices.
Caspian Wire: Azerbaijan human rights crackdown| December 2025
Azerbaijan’s human rights crackdown has intensified in recent weeks, with courts targeting journalists, opposition figures facing extended detention, and growing international concern over judicial independence and the rule of law. Kanal 11 case The Supreme Court reviewed a cassation appeal in the case of imprisoned Kanal 11 online TV head Teymur Karimov. On December 24, […] The post Caspian Wire: Azerbaijan human rights crackdown| December 2025 appeared first on Free voices.
Azerbaijan’s human rights crackdown has intensified in recent weeks, with courts targeting journalists, opposition figures facing extended detention, and growing international concern over judicial independence and the rule of law. Kanal 11 case The Supreme Court reviewed a cassation appeal in the case of imprisoned Kanal 11 online TV head Teymur Karimov. On December 24, the court partially upheld the appeal and reduced Karimov’s sentence by two years. He had previously been sentenced to eight years in prison and banned from journalism for two years. The appellate court had earlier reduced the sentence by one year. Karimov and co-defendant Istek Totiyeva were convicted under Article 182.2.1 (extortion committed by a group). Totiyeva received a suspended sentence with a two-year probation period. Karimov denied the charges, saying his arrest was linked to his journalistic work. Meydan TV trial On December 22, the Baku Serious Crimes Court held a preliminary hearing in the “Meydan TV case.” It was announced that the State Tax Service had filed a civil claim in the case. Defense lawyer Zibeyda Sadiqova requested permission for audio recording and filming, citing public interest and the fact that all defendants are journalists. The court rejected the request but said the hearings are open and journalists may attend and take notes. The court also granted a request by Meydan TV editor-in-chief Aynur Elgunesh (Ganbarova) to return her disability and internally displaced person documents, which had not been returned after the investigation. Special quarantine regime extended again Azerbaijan extended the special quarantine regime until April 1, 2026. The decision was signed into force on December 19, by the Prime Minister Ali Asadov. A special quarantine regime has been in place in Azerbaijan since early March 2020, when land borders were closed following the global spread of COVID-19. Amnesty law adopted On December 19, the Milli Majlis (Azerbaijan’s National Parliament) adopted a draft law “On declaring an amnesty on the occasion of the Year of the Constitution and Sovereignty.” More than 20,000 people will benefit from the amnesty. According to available information, persons convicted of crimes posing no great public danger, less serious crimes, or crimes committed through negligence may be released or have the unserved portion of their sentences reduced. Independent lawyers note that most individuals recognized as political prisoners by international organizations are charged with serious or especially serious crimes, making it highly unlikely that they will benefit from the amnesty. Parliament rejects European Parliament resolution On December 19, the Milli Majlis adopted a statement responding to a resolution by the European Parliament on the political situation in Azerbaijan. The statement says that the Milli Majlis strongly condemns the resolution and considers it an attempt to undermine the rule of law and interfere in judicial proceedings, accusing the European Parliament of using human rights issues for “provocative purposes.” The European Parliament resolution adopted on December 17, calls on the Azerbaijani government to immediately release all political prisoners, ensure fair trials, and end pressure. It also protests the arrest of opposition leader Ali Karimli and demands his immediate release, stressing that future partnership agreements with Azerbaijan should depend on real progress in human rights, rule of law, and the release of political prisoners. Ali Karimli’s appeal rejected On December 19, the Baku Court of Appeal considered and rejected an appeal seeking the transfer of Ali Karimli, chair of the Popular Front Party of Azerbaijan (PFPA), to house arrest, upholding the Sabail District Court’s decision. Karimli was detained on November 29 and charged on December 1 under Article 278.1 of the Criminal Code (actions aimed at forcibly seizing power or changing the constitutional order). He was placed in pretrial detention for two months and 15 days. Pro-government media claim his detention is linked to the “Ramiz Mehdiyev case.” Trial of detained political analyst Azer Gasimli continues On December 17, the Baku Grave Crimes Court held another hearing in the case of Azer Gasimli, the detained director of the Institute for Political Management. As documents were read out, the defense questioned the alleged victim, Gurbanali Yusifov, who claims that Gasimli threatened him over a debt. It emerged that Yusifov told the interior minister in a written complaint that Gasimli threatened him in an office, but admitted in court that he had no physical evidence or witnesses. Claims that Gasimli arranged threats via the Turkish mafia were also not supported by documentary evidence, despite earlier assertions that screenshots existed. Further contradictions were revealed between Yusifov’s statements during the investigation and his testimony in court. The trial will continue on December 24. Gasimli was detained on December 8, 2024, charged under Article 182.2.3 of the Criminal Code (extortion involving violence), and placed in pretrial detention. He says his arrest is politically motivated and the charges are fabricated. Opposition activist dies in custody Elbayi Kerimli, a member of the opposition Azerbaijan Popular Front Party (APFP), died by suicide on December 12 at Medical Unit No. 2 of a penal facility where he was being held. According to APFP and Meydan TV, he hanged himself; the motive remains unknown. The Justice Ministry said the Khazar District Prosecutor’s Office has launched an investigation. Kerimli was arrested in August 2023 after writing “Stalin” on a statue of former president Heydar Aliyev. He later told his lawyer that police threatened him with fabricated charges unless he accepted a drug-related accusation. In 2024, he was sentenced to six years in prison on drug trafficking charges, which was later reduced to five years by the Supreme Court. In absentia hearing and arrest in the case of Ganimat Zahid Ganimat Zahid, the editor-in-chief of Azadliq newspaper, who is living in exile, went on trial in absentia on charges of public calls against the state. On December 23, Zahid was sentenced in absentia to seven years in prison on charges of disseminating “public calls encouraging the use of violence against the current government” on YouTube on July 4 and 18, 2018. Trials Begin for MeydanTV Journalists After One Year in Detention The long-awaited trial of MeydanTV journalists, who have been held for nearly a year, began with a pretrial hearing on December 12. During the session, the defendants’ personal details were verified. In line with procedure, state-appointed lawyers were assigned to each defendant; all declined these lawyers and stated that their own legal counsel represented them. The defense then submitted several motions. Lawyers requested that the defendants be allowed to sit in the courtroom during hearings. The court granted the motion and said it would be implemented at the next session. The court also approved a defense request to transfer detained journalists Ramin Jabrayilzade (Deko), Natiq Javadli, and Ulvi Tahirov from Detention Facility No. 3 to the Baku Pretrial Detention Center. A motion to dismiss the case was denied. There are 12 journalists arrested as part of the MeydanTV case: Aynur Gambarova (Elgunash), Aysel Umudova, Natiq Javadli, Aytac Ahmadova (Tapdiq), Khayala Agayeva, Ramin Jabrayilzade (Deko), as well as Ulvi Tahirov, deputy director of the Baku School of Journalism. In February, three more journalists — Shamshad Agayev, Nurlan Gahramanli (Libre), and Fatima Movlamli — were arrested in connection with the same case. In May, journalist Ulviya Guliyeva (Ali) and photojournalist Ahmad Mukhtar were also detained. All deny the charges and say they are being punished for exposing corruption and official misconduct, including reports implicating high-level government figures. Blogger Rashad Ramazanov was placed in solitary confinement Imprisoned blogger Rashad Ramazanov has been transferred to a punishment cell (“karser”) at Prison No. 11, according to his wife, Konul Ismayilova. She learned of the move on November 26 during a scheduled prison visit; no explanation was given. Ramazanov was sentenced in 2022 to 5 years and 4 months on drug trafficking charges. During his imprisonment, he has repeatedly faced pressure, disciplinary punishment, and transfers between facilities. He was previously imprisoned on similar charges in 2013, released early in 2019, and rearrested in 2022 after returning from Georgia. Allegations of abuse and ill-treatment in detention Muslim Unity Movement member Tarlan Sayadov says he was beaten and placed in solitary confinement (“karser”) after requesting a prayer mat. He claims he was targeted for his religious beliefs. Nigar Bagirova, a detained religious activist, is in critical condition after 33 days on hunger strike. She reportedly collapsed and suffered head injuries. Ruslan Izzetli, a detainee in the “Toplum TV case,” is suffering from severe gallbladder pain and high blood pressure. Doctors say he urgently needs surgery that cannot be performed in prison. Journalist Hafiz Babali (“AbzasMedia case”) reports worsening health, including a serious leg infection, while being denied proper medical treatment. Soldier killed at border guard unit – family alleges torture On December 4, 18-year-old conscript Alikarim Gulaliyev was fatally shot in the right side of the head. The family says authorities have not provided details. An investigation is reportedly underway at the Lankaran Military Prosecutor’s Office. In an appeal to Border Guard Service chief Elchin Guliyev, Gulaliyev’s father said his son was tortured to death. While official examination confirmed death by gunshot, the family claims the body showed signs of severe injuries, bruising, and blackened fingertips. Villagers say Alikarim repeatedly asked to see his father shortly before his death. Neither the Military Prosecutor’s Office nor the State Border Service has issued a public statement. Relatives allege local authorities are pressuring the family not to speak to the media. Azerbaijan has a history of non-combat deaths among conscripts in the Azerbaijani army, with concerns of persistent lack of transparency, accountability, and meaningful reforms. Researcher Bahruz Sammadov Transferred to Umbaki High-Security Prison for One Year On December 1, a hearing was held inside Correctional Facility No. 11 regarding the institution’s complaint about transferring Charles University (Czech Republic) doctoral researcher Bahruz Sammadov to the Umbaki Closed Penitentiary. Judge Samir Nasibov upheld the complaint, ordering Sammadov’s relocation to the strict-regime section of Umbaki for one year. His lawyer, Zibeyda Sadigova, is expected to file an appeal. The Umbaki Penitentiary Complex is known for its harsher regime compared to other facilities. Journalist Shamshad Agha: “This Process Is Controlled Directly by Ilham Aliyev” At a November 28 hearing at Khatai District Court, journalist Shamshad Agha, editor-in-chief of arqument.az and one of those arrested in the “Meydan TV case,” addressed the Prosecutor General’s request to extend his pre-trial detention. He argued that neither the prosecution nor the court had real authority in the case: “You cannot make independent decisions in a process controlled by Ilham Aliyev. Everyone knows the journalists arrested in the Meydan TV case were detained not for a crime, but for their professional work.” He said the proceedings have no legal basis and compared the 31-volume case file to a “fairy tale.” “What has been ordered will simply be carried out,” Agha stated. Popular Front Party Chair Ali Karimli and party board member Mammad Ibrahim arrested – pressure on the party continues Opposition Azerbaijan Popular Front Party (AXCP) chair Ali Karimli and board member Mammad Ibrahim were detained on November 29. Courts later ordered 2 months and 15 days of pre-trial detention for both on charges under Article 278.1 — “actions aimed at seizing power or overthrowing the constitutional order by force.” Police cordoned off the area around the courthouse during the hearings. Government-aligned media allege the arrests are linked to the ongoing criminal investigation involving former presidential administration head Ramiz Mehdiyev, though both Karimli and the party deny any connection. AXCP describes the arrests as a new wave of political repression. The State Security Service searched Karimli’s home. Other party members were temporarily detained and later released. National Council chair Jamil Hasanli was also summoned as a witness and says he was prevented from leaving the country earlier in November. Hasanli was called in for questioning at the State Security Service on December 15. New charges – forging or illegally producing, selling a certificate or other official document (under the Criminal Code)- were brought against Novruz Tagiyev on December 14, Karimli’s bodyguard, who has been in detention since May. His lawyer says he has been denied family visits and food deliveries. Member Vugar Gadirli was reportedly detained after police searches of his home and workplace. Gadirli was sent into three-month pretrial detention on alleged arms possession charges on December 13. Tazaxan Miralamli, head of APFP’s Central Audit Commission, was briefly detained and later released after being questioned as a witness. Searches were conducted at the home of Elnur Seyidov, Karimli’s brother-in-law and a former political prisoner. On December 16, Murad Sultan, the Chairman of the Control-Inspection Commission of the party, was sentenced to 30 days of administrative detention. Sultan had been missing since the afternoon of December 16 before his detention was confirmed by the party. He is a Karabakh war veteran who suffers from serious health problems. This is not his first arrest; he has been detained administratively on several previous occasions. On December 24, the Baku Court of Appeal reduced the administrative detention of Sultan, from 30 days to 25 days. “Toplum TV Case” – Witness testimony under question On December 15, during the court session in the “Toplum TV case” Araz Aliyev, a founding member of the 3rd Republic Platform, stated that technical equipment confiscated during his administrative arrest has not yet been returned, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) has provided no explanation. Ramil Babayev, an employee of the Institute for Democratic Initiatives (IDI), filed a motion demanding that police and prosecutor’s office employees who committed illegalities during the investigation be held accountable. The motion was supported by another defendant, Akif Gurbanov, head of IDI and speaker for the 3rd Republic Platform. The court denied the motion. Alasgar Mammadli, co-founder of “Toplum TV” and a media expert, submitted another motion to be released to house arrest for surgical treatment. This was his 10th request for house arrest. He argued that all witnesses within the country have been questioned, eliminating the state prosecutor’s previously alleged concern that he might influence witnesses. State prosecutor objected, claiming Mammadli could instead influence the judge this time. The court also denied this motion. Mammadli noted that all his previous requests for house arrest transfer required legal justification, yet the prosecutor’s claim about him influencing the judge was made without any such requirement. During the hearing Ruslan Izzatli addressed the court about the conditions in the Baku Investigation Isolator where he is detained. He pointed out that the medical unit lacks basic equipment like a blood pressure monitor. While an Ultrasound (US) machine is available, there is no doctor to operate it, despite the facility housing over 4,000 prisoners. He stressed that multiple complaints on this matter have been ignored. Over the following days, his health condition worsened. His wife said he urgently needs gallbladder surgery and warns of life-threatening complications, calling for his release. On December 1, the Baku Court on Grave Crimes continued hearings in the “Toplum TV case.” Defense lawyers highlighted major contradictions in the testimony of witness Ali Fatullayev, who attended trainings held by the Institute for Democratic Initiatives (IDI). Fatullayev reportedly changed his statement regarding IDI’s funding after police told him his confiscated phone would be returned only if he agreed to testify again — something the defense says amounts to pressure. Gultakin Hajibeyli detained in Turkey, facing deportation National Council member Gultakin Hajibeyli reported on Facebook that Turkish law enforcement officers detained her at her Istanbul residence. She says her 90-day visa-free stay is still valid, and she holds a two-year residency permit. According to her, no legal basis for the detention was provided, and the move is being carried out at Azerbaijan’s request. Despite having an IELTS exam the next morning, she was taken to a police station. APFP member Fuad Gahramanli later stated she was transferred to the Arnavutköy deportation center, and that she may be returned to Azerbaijan within hours. There has been no official comment from Turkish or Azerbaijani authorities. On December 15 in a post on Facebook, Hajibeyli shared the news that she has been issued a five-year deportation order from Turkey. Nigar Baghirova continues hunger strike amid health deterioration Nigar Baghirova, one of six religious women arrested on August 15, continues a hunger strike in protest of the recent two-month extension of her pre-trial detention. According to Abzas Media, Baghirova has lost significant weight and is suffering from dizziness, heart palpitations, chest pain, nausea, and severe weakness. She says she is not receiving proper medical care at the Baku Pre-Trial Detention Center. The women were arrested for allegedly organizing an ashura food-giving ceremony and chanting slogans in support of Palestine — though some detainees reportedly did not participate in the event at all. Baghirova is currently the only detainee who has continued the hunger strike. Religious prisoner begins hunger strike, sews mouth shut Religious activist Elman Sheydayev, held at Prison No. 6, began a hunger strike on November 24 and reportedly sewed his mouth shut. Sheydayev is demanding the release of six religious women detained in August while distributing charity food in Baku. He was sentenced to seven years in prison in June 2023 on drug-related charges, which he denies. Human rights groups consider him a political prisoner. Separately, another religious activist, Tarlan Sayadov, who is also a member of the Movement for Muslim Unity (MMU), was reportedly beaten and placed in solitary confinement (“kartser”) shortly after being transferred to Umbakı Closed Prison in November 2025. State Security Service granted sweeping access to citizens’ personal data A newly published regulation briefly posted on the Azerbaijani president’s website—and later removed—grants the State Security Service (SSS) extensive access to personal data of Azerbaijani citizens and residents collected across several key ministries and state institutions. Under the regulation, the SSS would gain access via the e-government system to: passport records, border crossings, real-time video surveillance, citizenship status, foreign nationals’ data, to name a few. The sudden removal of the regulation from the website has raised transparency and privacy concerns. The post Caspian Wire: Azerbaijan human rights crackdown| December 2025 appeared first on Free voices.